Nouns, like verbs, are divided into groups, called declensions. There are five declensions and three genders: masculine, feminine, and neuter. The stem of a noun is the basic part of the noun that does not change. To get the stem of a noun, take the genitive singular of the noun, and take off its ending. For example: the stem of puella is puell; while the stem of rex is reg, because its genitive is reg-is. SINGULAR 1st Feminine 2nd Masculine 2nd Neuter 3rd Masc/Fem 3rd Neuter 4th Masculine 4th Neuter 5th Feminine Nominative puell-a serv-us bell-um rex opus grad-us genu res Vocative puell-a serv-e bell-um rex opus grad-us genu res Accusative puell-am serv-um bell-um reg-em opus grad-um genu re-m Genitive puell-ae serv-i bell-i reg-is oper-is grad-us gen-u re-i Dative puell-ae serv-o bell-o reg-i oper-i grad-ui gen-u re-i Ablative puell-a serv-o bell-o reg-e oper-e grad-u gen-u re PLURAL Nominative puell-ae serv-i bell-a reg-es oper-a grad-us gen-ua res Vocative puell-ae serv-i bell-a reg-es oper-a grad-us gen-ua res Accusative puell-as serv-os bell-a reg-es oper-a grad-us gen-ua res Genitive puell-arum serv-orum bell-orum reg-um oper-um grad-uum gen-uum re-rum Dative puell-is serv-is bell-is reg-ibus oper-ibus grad-ibus gen-ibus re-bus Ablative puell-is serv-is bell-is reg-ibus oper-ibus grad-ibus gen-ibus re-bus