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499 lines
18 KiB
499 lines
18 KiB
/***************************************************************************
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skypoint.h - Trinity Desktop Planetarium
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-------------------
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begin : Sun Feb 11 2001
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copyright : (C) 2001-2005 by Jason Harris
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email : jharris@30doradus.org
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copyright : (C) 2004-2005 by Pablo de Vicente
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email : p.devicente@wanadoo.es
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***************************************************************************/
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/***************************************************************************
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* *
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* This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify *
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* it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by *
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* the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or *
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* (at your option) any later version. *
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* *
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***************************************************************************/
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#ifndef SKYPOINT_H
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#define SKYPOINT_H
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#include <tqstring.h>
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#include <tqptrlist.h>
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#include "dms.h"
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/**@class SkyPoint
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*
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*The sky coordinates of a point in the sky. The
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*coordinates are stored in both Equatorial (Right Ascension,
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*Declination) and Horizontal (Azimuth, Altitude) coordinate systems.
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*Provides set/get functions for each coordinate angle, and functions
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*to convert between the Equatorial and Horizon coordinate systems.
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*
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*Because the coordinate values change slowly over time (due to
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*precession, nutation), the "catalog coordinates" are stored
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*(RA0, Dec0), which were the true coordinates on Jan 1, 2000.
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*The true coordinates (RA, Dec) at any other epoch can be found
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*from the catalog coordinates using updateCoords().
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*@short Stores dms coordinates for a point in the sky.
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*for converting between coordinate systems.
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*@author Jason Harris
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*@version 1.0
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*/
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class KSNumbers;
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class CSegment;
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class SkyObject;
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class SkyPoint {
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public:
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/**Default constructor: Sets RA, Dec and RA0, Dec0 according
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*to arguments. Does not set Altitude or Azimuth.
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*@param r Right Ascension
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*@param d Declination
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*/
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SkyPoint( const dms& r, const dms& d ) { set( r, d ); }
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/**Alternate constructor using pointer arguments, for convenience.
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*It behaves essentially like the default constructor.
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*@param r Right Ascension pointer
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*@param d Declination pointer
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*/
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SkyPoint( const dms *r, const dms *d ) { set( dms(*r), dms(*d) ); }
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/**Alternate constructor using double arguments, for convenience.
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*It behaves essentially like the default constructor.
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*@param r Right Ascension, expressed as a double
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*@param d Declination, expressed as a double
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*/
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SkyPoint( double r=0.0, double d=0.0 ) { set( r, d ); }
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/**
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*Empty destructor.
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*/
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virtual ~SkyPoint();
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////
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//// 1. Setting Coordinates
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//// =======================
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/**Sets RA, Dec and RA0, Dec0 according to arguments.
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*Does not set Altitude or Azimuth.
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*@param r Right Ascension
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*@param d Declination
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*/
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void set( const dms& r, const dms& d );
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/**Overloaded member function, provided for convenience.
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*It behaves essentially like the above function.
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*@param r Right Ascension
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*@param d Declination
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*/
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void set( const dms *r, const dms *d ) { set( *r, *d ); }
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/**Overloaded member function, provided for convenience.
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*It behaves essentially like the above function.
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*@param r Right Ascension
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*@param d Declination
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*/
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void set( double r, double d );
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/**Sets RA0, the catalog Right Ascension.
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*@param r catalog Right Ascension.
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*/
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void setRA0( dms r ) { RA0.set( r ); }
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/**Overloaded member function, provided for convenience.
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*It behaves essentially like the above function.
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*@param r Right Ascension, expressed as a double.
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*/
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void setRA0( double r ) { RA0.setH( r ); }
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/**Sets Dec0, the catalog Declination.
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*@param d catalog Declination.
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*/
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void setDec0( dms d ) { Dec0.set( d ); }
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/**Overloaded member function, provided for convenience.
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*It behaves essentially like the above function.
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*@param d Declination, expressed as a double.
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*/
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void setDec0( double d ) { Dec0.setD( d ); }
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/**Sets RA, the current Right Ascension.
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*@param r Right Ascension.
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*/
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void setRA( dms r ) { RA.set( r ); }
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/**Overloaded member function, provided for convenience.
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*It behaves essentially like the above function.
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*@param r Right Ascension, expressed as a double.
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*/
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void setRA( double r ) { RA.setH( r ); }
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/**Sets Dec, the current Declination
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*@param d Declination.
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*/
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void setDec( dms d ) { Dec.set( d ); }
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/**Overloaded member function, provided for convenience.
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*It behaves essentially like the above function.
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*@param d Declination, expressed as a double.
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*/
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void setDec( double d ) { Dec.setD( d ); }
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/**Sets Alt, the Altitude.
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*@param alt Altitude.
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*/
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void setAlt( dms alt ) { Alt.set( alt ); }
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/**Overloaded member function, provided for convenience.
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*It behaves essentially like the above function.
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*@param alt Altitude, expressed as a double.
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*/
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void setAlt( double alt ) { Alt.setD( alt ); }
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/**Sets Az, the Azimuth.
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*@param az Azimuth.
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*/
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void setAz( dms az ) { Az.set( az ); }
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/**Overloaded member function, provided for convenience.
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*It behaves essentially like the above function.
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*@param az Azimuth, expressed as a double.
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*/
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void setAz( double az ) { Az.setD( az ); }
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/**Sets Galactic Longitude.
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*@param glo Galactic Longitude.
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*/
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// void setGalLong( dms glo ) { galLong.set( glo ); }
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/**Overloaded member function, provided for convenience.
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*It behaves essentially like the above function.
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*@param glo Galactic Longitude, expressed as a double.
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*/
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// void setGalLong( double glo ) { galLong.setD( glo ); }
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/**Sets Galactic Longitude.
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*@param gla Galactic Longitude.
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*/
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// void setGalLat( dms gla ) { galLat.set( gla ); }
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/**Overloaded member function, provided for convenience.
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*It behaves essentially like the above function.
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*@param gla Galactic Longitude, expressed as a double.
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*/
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// void setGalLat( double gla ) { galLat.setD( gla ); }
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////
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//// 2. Returning coordinates.
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//// =========================
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/**@return a pointer to the catalog Right Ascension.
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*/
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const dms* ra0() const { return &RA0; }
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/**@return a pointer to the catalog Declination.
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*/
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const dms* dec0() const { return &Dec0; }
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/**@returns a pointer to the current Right Ascension.
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*/
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const dms* ra() const { return &RA; }
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/**@return a pointer to the current Declination.
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*/
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const dms* dec() const { return &Dec; }
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/**@return a pointer to the current Azimuth.
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*/
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const dms* az() const { return &Az; }
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/**@return a pointer to the current Altitude.
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*/
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const dms* alt() const { return &Alt; }
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/**@return a pointer to the current galactic latitude.
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*/
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// const dms* gLat() const { return &galLat; }
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/**@return a pointer to the current galactic longitude.
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*/
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// const dms* gLong() const { return &galLong; }
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////
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//// 3. Coordinate conversions.
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//// ==========================
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/**Determine the (Altitude, Azimuth) coordinates of the
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*SkyPoint from its (RA, Dec) coordinates, given the local
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*sidereal time and the observer's latitude.
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*@param LST pointer to the local sidereal time
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*@param lat pointer to the geographic latitude
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*/
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void EquatorialToHorizontal( const dms* LST, const dms* lat );
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/**Determine the (RA, Dec) coordinates of the
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*SkyPoint from its (Altitude, Azimuth) coordinates, given the local
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*sidereal time and the observer's latitude.
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*@param LST pointer to the local sidereal time
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*@param lat pointer to the geographic latitude
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*/
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void HorizontalToEquatorial( const dms* LST, const dms* lat );
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/**@short Convert Right Ascension/Declination to Ecliptic logitude/latitude.
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*/
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void EquatorialToEcliptic( const KSNumbers *num );
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/**@short Convert Ecliptic logitude/latitude to Right Ascension/Declination.
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*/
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void EclipticToEquatorial( const KSNumbers *num );
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/**Determine the Ecliptic coordinates of the SkyPoint, given the Julian Date.
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*The ecliptic coordinates are returned as reference arguments (since
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*they are not stored internally)
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*/
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void findEcliptic( const dms *Obliquity, dms &EcLong, dms &EcLat );
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/**Set the current (RA, Dec) coordinates of the
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*SkyPoint, given pointers to its Ecliptic (Long, Lat) coordinates, and
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*to the current obliquity angle (the angle between the equator and ecliptic).
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*/
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void setFromEcliptic( const dms *Obliquity, const dms *EcLong, const dms *EcLat );
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/** Computes galactic coordinates from equatorial coordinates referred to
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* epoch 1950. RA and Dec are, therefore assumed to be B1950
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* coordinates.
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*/
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void Equatorial1950ToGalactic(dms &galLong, dms &galLat);
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/** Computes equatorial coordinates referred to 1950 from galactic ones referred to
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* epoch B1950. RA and Dec are, therefore assumed to be B1950
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* coordinates.
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*/
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void GalacticToEquatorial1950(const dms* galLong, const dms* galLat);
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////
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//// 4. Coordinate update/corrections.
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//// =================================
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/**Determine the current coordinates (RA, Dec) from the catalog
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*coordinates (RA0, Dec0), accounting for both precession and nutation.
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*@param num pointer to KSNumbers object containing current values of
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*time-dependent variables.
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*@param includePlanets does nothing in this implementation (see KSPlanetBase::updateCoords()).
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*@param lat does nothing in this implementation (see KSPlanetBase::updateCoords()).
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*@param LST does nothing in this implementation (see KSPlanetBase::updateCoords()).
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*/
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virtual void updateCoords( KSNumbers *num, bool includePlanets=true, const dms *lat=0, const dms *LST=0 );
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/**Computes the apparent coordinates for this SkyPoint for any epoch,
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*accounting for the effects of precession, nutation, and aberration.
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*Similar to updateCoords(), but the starting epoch need not be
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*J2000, and the target epoch need not be the present time.
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*@param jd0 Julian Day which identifies the original epoch
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*@param jdf Julian Day which identifies the final epoch
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*/
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void apparentCoord(long double jd0, long double jdf);
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/**Determine the effects of nutation for this SkyPoint.
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*@param num pointer to KSNumbers object containing current values of
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*time-dependent variables.
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*/
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void nutate(const KSNumbers *num);
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/**Determine the effects of aberration for this SkyPoint.
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*@param num pointer to KSNumbers object containing current values of
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*time-dependent variables.
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*/
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void aberrate(const KSNumbers *num);
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/**General case of precession. It precess from an original epoch to a
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*final epoch. In this case RA0, and Dec0 from SkyPoint object represent
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*the coordinates for the original epoch and not for J2000, as usual.
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*@param jd0 Julian Day which identifies the original epoch
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*@param jdf Julian Day which identifies the final epoch
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*/
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void precessFromAnyEpoch(long double jd0, long double jdf);
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/** Determine the E-terms of aberration
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*In the past, the mean places of stars published in catalogs included
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*the contribution to the aberration due to the ellipticity of the orbit
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*of the Earth. These terms, known as E-terms were almost constant, and
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*in the newer catalogs (FK5) are not included. Therefore to convert from
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*FK4 to FK5 one has to compute these E-terms.
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*/
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SkyPoint Eterms(void);
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/** Exact precession from Besselian epoch 1950 to epoch J2000. The
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*coordinates referred to the first epoch are in the
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FK4 catalog, while the latter are in the Fk5 one.
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*Reference: Smith, C. A.; Kaplan, G. H.; Hughes, J. A.; Seidelmann,
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*P. K.; Yallop, B. D.; Hohenkerk, C. Y.
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*Astronomical Journal, vol. 97, Jan. 1989, p. 265-279
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*This transformation requires 4 steps:
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* - Correct E-terms
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* - Precess from B1950 to 1984, January 1st, 0h, using Newcomb expressions
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* - Add zero point correction in right ascension for 1984
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* - Precess from 1984, January 1st, 0h to J2000
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*/
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void B1950ToJ2000(void);
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/** Exact precession from epoch J2000 Besselian epoch 1950. The coordinates
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*referred to the first epoch are in the FK4 catalog, while the
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*latter are in the Fk5 one.
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*Reference: Smith, C. A.; Kaplan, G. H.; Hughes, J. A.; Seidelmann,
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*P. K.; Yallop, B. D.; Hohenkerk, C. Y.
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*Astronomical Journal, vol. 97, Jan. 1989, p. 265-279
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*This transformation requires 4 steps:
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* - Precess from J2000 to 1984, January 1st, 0h
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* - Add zero point correction in right ascension for 1984
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* - Precess from 1984, January 1st, 0h, to B1950 using Newcomb expressions
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* - Correct E-terms
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*/
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void J2000ToB1950(void);
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/** Coordinates in the FK4 catalog include the effect of aberration due
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*to the ellipticity of the orbit of the Earth. Coordinates in the FK5
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*catalog do not include these terms. In order to convert from B1950 (FK4)
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*to actual mean places one has to use this function.
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*/
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void addEterms(void);
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/** Coordinates in the FK4 catalog include the effect of aberration due
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*to the ellipticity of the orbit of the Earth. Coordinates in the FK5
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*catalog do not include these terms. In order to convert from
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* FK5 coordinates to B1950 (FK4) one has to use this function.
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*/
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void subtractEterms(void);
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/** Computes the angular distance between two SkyObjects. The algorithm
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* to compute this distance is:
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* cos(distance) = sin(d1)*sin(d2) + cos(d1)*cos(d2)*cos(a1-a2)
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* where a1,d1 are the coordinates of the first object and a2,d2 are
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* the coordinates of the second object.
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* However this algorithm is not accurate when the angular separation
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* is small.
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* Meeus provides a different algorithm in page 111 which we
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* implement here.
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* @param sp SkyPoint to which distance is to be calculated
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* @return dms angle representing angular separation.
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**/
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dms angularDistanceTo( SkyPoint *sp);
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bool operator == ( SkyPoint &p ) { return ( ra()->Degrees() == p.ra()->Degrees() && dec()->Degrees() == p.dec()->Degrees() ); }
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/** Computes the velocity of the Sun projected on the direction of the source.
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*
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* @param jd Epoch expressed as julian day to which the source coordinates refer to.
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* @return Radial velocity of the source referred to the barycenter of the solar system in km/s
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**/
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double vRSun(long double jd);
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/** Computes the radial velocity of a source referred to the solar system barycenter
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* from the radial velocity referred to the
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* Local Standard of Rest, aka known as VLSR. To compute it we need the coordinates of the
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* source the VLSR and the epoch for the source coordinates.
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*
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* @param vlsr radial velocity of the source referred to the LSR in km/s
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* @param jd Epoch expressed as julian day to which the source coordinates refer to.
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* @return Radial velocity of the source referred to the barycenter of the solar system in km/s
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**/
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double vHeliocentric(double vlsr, long double jd);
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/** Computes the radial velocity of a source referred to the Local Standard of Rest, also known as VLSR
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* from the radial velocity referred to the solar system barycenter
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*
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* @param vhelio radial velocity of the source referred to the LSR in km/s
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* @param jd Epoch expressed as julian day to which the source coordinates refer to.
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* @return Radial velocity of the source referred to the barycenter of the solar system in km/s
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**/
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double vHelioToVlsr(double vhelio, long double jd);
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/** Computes the velocity of any object projected on the direction of the source.
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* @param jd0 Julian day for which we compute the direction of the source
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* @return velocity of the Earth projected on the direction of the source kms-1
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*/
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double vREarth(long double jd0);
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/** Computes the radial velocity of a source referred to the center of the earth
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* from the radial velocity referred to the solar system barycenter
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*
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* @param vhelio radial velocity of the source referred to the barycenter of the
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* solar system in km/s
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* @param jd Epoch expressed as julian day to which the source coordinates refer to.
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* @return Radial velocity of the source referred to the center of the Earth in km/s
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**/
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double vGeocentric(double vhelio, long double jd);
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/** Computes the radial velocity of a source referred to the solar system barycenter
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* from the velocity referred to the center of the earth
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*
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* @param vgeo radial velocity of the source referred to the center of the Earth
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* [km/s]
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* @param jd Epoch expressed as julian day to which the source coordinates refer to.
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* @return Radial velocity of the source referred to the solar system barycenter in km/s
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**/
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double vGeoToVHelio(double vgeo, long double jd);
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/** Computes the velocity of any object (oberver's site) projected on the
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* direction of the source.
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* @param vsite velocity of that object in cartesian coordinates
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* @return velocity of the object projected on the direction of the source kms-1
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*/
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double vRSite(double vsite[3]);
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/** Computes the radial velocity of a source referred to the observer site on the surface
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* of the earth from the geocentric velovity and the velocity of the site referred to the center
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* of the Earth.
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*
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* @param vgeo radial velocity of the source referred to the center of the earth in km/s
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* @param vsite Velocity at which the observer moves referred to the center of the earth.
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* @return Radial velocity of the source referred to the observer's site in km/s
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**/
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double vTopocentric(double vgeo, double vsite[3]);
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/** Computes the radial velocity of a source referred to the center of the Earth from
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* the radial velocity referred to an observer site on the surface of the earth
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*
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* @param vtopo radial velocity of the source referred to the observer's site in km/s
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* @param vsite Velocity at which the observer moves referred to the center of the earth.
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* @return Radial velocity of the source referred the center of the earth in km/s
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**/
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double vTopoToVGeo(double vtopo, double vsite[3]);
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////
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//// 5. Calculating Rise/Set/Transit data.
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//// =====================================
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//// To Be Moved from SkyObject....
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////
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//// 6. Constellation Identification
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//// =====================================
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TQString constellation( TQPtrList<CSegment> &seglist, TQPtrList<SkyObject> &cnames ) const;
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protected:
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/**Precess this SkyPoint's catalog coordinates to the epoch described by the
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*given KSNumbers object.
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*@param num pointer to a KSNumbers object describing the target epoch.
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*/
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void precess(const KSNumbers *num);
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private:
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dms RA0, Dec0; //catalog coordinates
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dms RA, Dec; //current true sky coordinates
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dms Alt, Az;
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};
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#endif
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