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klamav/src/sqlite/os_unix.c

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/*
** 2004 May 22
**
** The author disclaims copyright to this source code. In place of
** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
**
** May you do good and not evil.
** May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
** May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
**
******************************************************************************
**
** This file contains code that is specific to Unix systems.
*/
#include "sqliteInt.h"
#include "os.h"
#if OS_UNIX /* This file is used on unix only */
#include <time.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <unistd.h>
/*
** Do not include any of the File I/O interface procedures if the
** SQLITE_OMIT_DISKIO macro is defined (indicating that there database
** will be in-memory only)
*/
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_DISKIO
/*
** Define various macros that are missing from some systems.
*/
#ifndef O_LARGEFILE
# define O_LARGEFILE 0
#endif
#ifdef SQLITE_DISABLE_LFS
# undef O_LARGEFILE
# define O_LARGEFILE 0
#endif
#ifndef O_NOFOLLOW
# define O_NOFOLLOW 0
#endif
#ifndef O_BINARY
# define O_BINARY 0
#endif
/*
** The DJGPP compiler environment looks mostly like Unix, but it
** lacks the fcntl() system call. So redefine fcntl() to be something
** that always succeeds. This means that locking does not occur under
** DJGPP. But its DOS - what did you expect?
*/
#ifdef __DJGPP__
# define fcntl(A,B,C) 0
#endif
/*
** Macros used to determine whether or not to use threads. The
** SQLITE_UNIX_THREADS macro is defined if we are synchronizing for
** Posix threads and SQLITE_W32_THREADS is defined if we are
** synchronizing using Win32 threads.
*/
#if defined(THREADSAFE) && THREADSAFE
# include <pthread.h>
# define SQLITE_UNIX_THREADS 1
#endif
/*
** Include code that is common to all os_*.c files
*/
#include "os_common.h"
#if defined(THREADSAFE) && THREADSAFE && defined(__linux__)
#define getpid pthread_self
#endif
/*
** Here is the dirt on POSIX advisory locks: ANSI STD 1003.1 (1996)
** section 6.5.2.2 lines 483 through 490 specify that when a process
** sets or clears a lock, that operation overrides any prior locks set
** by the same process. It does not explicitly say so, but this implies
** that it overrides locks set by the same process using a different
** file descriptor. Consider this test case:
**
** int fd1 = open("./file1", O_RDWR|O_CREAT, 0644);
** int fd2 = open("./file2", O_RDWR|O_CREAT, 0644);
**
** Suppose ./file1 and ./file2 are really the same file (because
** one is a hard or symbolic link to the other) then if you set
** an exclusive lock on fd1, then try to get an exclusive lock
** on fd2, it works. I would have expected the second lock to
** fail since there was already a lock on the file due to fd1.
** But not so. Since both locks came from the same process, the
** second overrides the first, even though they were on different
** file descriptors opened on different file names.
**
** Bummer. If you ask me, this is broken. Badly broken. It means
** that we cannot use POSIX locks to synchronize file access among
** competing threads of the same process. POSIX locks will work fine
** to synchronize access for threads in separate processes, but not
** threads within the same process.
**
** To work around the problem, SQLite has to manage file locks internally
** on its own. Whenever a new database is opened, we have to find the
** specific inode of the database file (the inode is determined by the
** st_dev and st_ino fields of the stat structure that fstat() fills in)
** and check for locks already existing on that inode. When locks are
** created or removed, we have to look at our own internal record of the
** locks to see if another thread has previously set a lock on that same
** inode.
**
** The OsFile structure for POSIX is no longer just an integer file
** descriptor. It is now a structure that holds the integer file
** descriptor and a pointer to a structure that describes the internal
** locks on the corresponding inode. There is one locking structure
** per inode, so if the same inode is opened twice, both OsFile structures
** point to the same locking structure. The locking structure keeps
** a reference count (so we will know when to delete it) and a "cnt"
** field that tells us its internal lock status. cnt==0 means the
** file is unlocked. cnt==-1 means the file has an exclusive lock.
** cnt>0 means there are cnt shared locks on the file.
**
** Any attempt to lock or unlock a file first checks the locking
** structure. The fcntl() system call is only invoked to set a
** POSIX lock if the internal lock structure transitions between
** a locked and an unlocked state.
**
** 2004-Jan-11:
** More recent discoveries about POSIX advisory locks. (The more
** I discover, the more I realize the a POSIX advisory locks are
** an abomination.)
**
** If you close a file descriptor that points to a file that has locks,
** all locks on that file that are owned by the current process are
** released. To work around this problem, each OsFile structure contains
** a pointer to an openCnt structure. There is one openCnt structure
** per open inode, which means that multiple OsFiles can point to a single
** openCnt. When an attempt is made to close an OsFile, if there are
** other OsFiles open on the same inode that are holding locks, the call
** to close() the file descriptor is deferred until all of the locks clear.
** The openCnt structure keeps a list of file descriptors that need to
** be closed and that list is walked (and cleared) when the last lock
** clears.
**
** First, under Linux threads, because each thread has a separate
** process ID, lock operations in one thread do not override locks
** to the same file in other threads. Linux threads behave like
** separate processes in this respect. But, if you close a file
** descriptor in linux threads, all locks are cleared, even locks
** on other threads and even though the other threads have different
** process IDs. Linux threads is inconsistent in this respect.
** (I'm beginning to think that linux threads is an abomination too.)
** The consequence of this all is that the hash table for the lockInfo
** structure has to include the process id as part of its key because
** locks in different threads are treated as distinct. But the
** openCnt structure should not include the process id in its
** key because close() clears lock on all threads, not just the current
** thread. Were it not for this goofiness in linux threads, we could
** combine the lockInfo and openCnt structures into a single structure.
**
** 2004-Jun-28:
** On some versions of linux, threads can override each others locks.
** On others not. Sometimes you can change the behavior on the same
** system by setting the LD_ASSUME_KERNEL environment variable. The
** POSIX standard is silent as to which behavior is correct, as far
** as I can tell, so other versions of unix might show the same
** inconsistency. There is no little doubt in my mind that posix
** advisory locks and linux threads are profoundly broken.
**
** To work around the inconsistencies, we have to test at runtime
** whether or not threads can override each others locks. This test
** is run once, the first time any lock is attempted. A static
** variable is set to record the results of this test for future
** use.
*/
/*
** An instance of the following structure serves as the key used
** to locate a particular lockInfo structure given its inode.
**
** If threads cannot override each others locks, then we set the
** lockKey.tid field to the thread ID. If threads can override
** each others locks then tid is always set to zero. tid is also
** set to zero if we compile without threading support.
*/
struct lockKey {
dev_t dev; /* Device number */
ino_t ino; /* Inode number */
#ifdef SQLITE_UNIX_THREADS
pthread_t tid; /* Thread ID or zero if threads cannot override each other */
#endif
};
/*
** An instance of the following structure is allocated for each open
** inode on each thread with a different process ID. (Threads have
** different process IDs on linux, but not on most other unixes.)
**
** A single inode can have multiple file descriptors, so each OsFile
** structure contains a pointer to an instance of this object and this
** object keeps a count of the number of OsFiles pointing to it.
*/
struct lockInfo {
struct lockKey key; /* The lookup key */
int cnt; /* Number of SHARED locks held */
int locktype; /* One of SHARED_LOCK, RESERVED_LOCK etc. */
int nRef; /* Number of pointers to this structure */
};
/*
** An instance of the following structure serves as the key used
** to locate a particular openCnt structure given its inode. This
** is the same as the lockKey except that the thread ID is omitted.
*/
struct openKey {
dev_t dev; /* Device number */
ino_t ino; /* Inode number */
};
/*
** An instance of the following structure is allocated for each open
** inode. This structure keeps track of the number of locks on that
** inode. If a close is attempted against an inode that is holding
** locks, the close is deferred until all locks clear by adding the
** file descriptor to be closed to the pending list.
*/
struct openCnt {
struct openKey key; /* The lookup key */
int nRef; /* Number of pointers to this structure */
int nLock; /* Number of outstanding locks */
int nPending; /* Number of pending close() operations */
int *aPending; /* Malloced space holding fd's awaiting a close() */
};
/*
** These hash table maps inodes and process IDs into lockInfo and openCnt
** structures. Access to these hash tables must be protected by a mutex.
*/
static Hash lockHash = { SQLITE_HASH_BINARY, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 };
static Hash openHash = { SQLITE_HASH_BINARY, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 };
#ifdef SQLITE_UNIX_THREADS
/*
** This variable records whether or not threads can override each others
** locks.
**
** 0: No. Threads cannot override each others locks.
** 1: Yes. Threads can override each others locks.
** -1: We don't know yet.
*/
static int threadsOverrideEachOthersLocks = -1;
/*
** This structure holds information passed into individual test
** threads by the testThreadLockingBehavior() routine.
*/
struct threadTestData {
int fd; /* File to be locked */
struct flock lock; /* The locking operation */
int result; /* Result of the locking operation */
};
/*
** The testThreadLockingBehavior() routine launches two separate
** threads on this routine. This routine attempts to lock a file
** descriptor then returns. The success or failure of that attempt
** allows the testThreadLockingBehavior() procedure to determine
** whether or not threads can override each others locks.
*/
static void *threadLockingTest(void *pArg){
struct threadTestData *pData = (struct threadTestData*)pArg;
pData->result = fcntl(pData->fd, F_SETLK, &pData->lock);
return pArg;
}
/*
** This procedure attempts to determine whether or not threads
** can override each others locks then sets the
** threadsOverrideEachOthersLocks variable appropriately.
*/
static void testThreadLockingBehavior(fd_orig){
int fd;
struct threadTestData d[2];
pthread_t t[2];
fd = dup(fd_orig);
if( fd<0 ) return;
memset(d, 0, sizeof(d));
d[0].fd = fd;
d[0].lock.l_type = F_RDLCK;
d[0].lock.l_len = 1;
d[0].lock.l_start = 0;
d[0].lock.l_whence = SEEK_SET;
d[1] = d[0];
d[1].lock.l_type = F_WRLCK;
pthread_create(&t[0], 0, threadLockingTest, &d[0]);
pthread_create(&t[1], 0, threadLockingTest, &d[1]);
pthread_join(t[0], 0);
pthread_join(t[1], 0);
close(fd);
threadsOverrideEachOthersLocks = d[0].result==0 && d[1].result==0;
}
#endif /* SQLITE_UNIX_THREADS */
/*
** Release a lockInfo structure previously allocated by findLockInfo().
*/
static void releaseLockInfo(struct lockInfo *pLock){
pLock->nRef--;
if( pLock->nRef==0 ){
sqlite3HashInsert(&lockHash, &pLock->key, sizeof(pLock->key), 0);
sqliteFree(pLock);
}
}
/*
** Release a openCnt structure previously allocated by findLockInfo().
*/
static void releaseOpenCnt(struct openCnt *pOpen){
pOpen->nRef--;
if( pOpen->nRef==0 ){
sqlite3HashInsert(&openHash, &pOpen->key, sizeof(pOpen->key), 0);
sqliteFree(pOpen->aPending);
sqliteFree(pOpen);
}
}
/*
** Given a file descriptor, locate lockInfo and openCnt structures that
** describes that file descriptor. Create a new ones if necessary. The
** return values might be unset if an error occurs.
**
** Return the number of errors.
*/
static int findLockInfo(
int fd, /* The file descriptor used in the key */
struct lockInfo **ppLock, /* Return the lockInfo structure here */
struct openCnt **ppOpen /* Return the openCnt structure here */
){
int rc;
struct lockKey key1;
struct openKey key2;
struct stat statbuf;
struct lockInfo *pLock;
struct openCnt *pOpen;
rc = fstat(fd, &statbuf);
if( rc!=0 ) return 1;
memset(&key1, 0, sizeof(key1));
key1.dev = statbuf.st_dev;
key1.ino = statbuf.st_ino;
#ifdef SQLITE_UNIX_THREADS
if( threadsOverrideEachOthersLocks<0 ){
testThreadLockingBehavior(fd);
}
key1.tid = threadsOverrideEachOthersLocks ? 0 : pthread_self();
#endif
memset(&key2, 0, sizeof(key2));
key2.dev = statbuf.st_dev;
key2.ino = statbuf.st_ino;
pLock = (struct lockInfo*)sqlite3HashFind(&lockHash, &key1, sizeof(key1));
if( pLock==0 ){
struct lockInfo *pOld;
pLock = sqliteMallocRaw( sizeof(*pLock) );
if( pLock==0 ) return 1;
pLock->key = key1;
pLock->nRef = 1;
pLock->cnt = 0;
pLock->locktype = 0;
pOld = sqlite3HashInsert(&lockHash, &pLock->key, sizeof(key1), pLock);
if( pOld!=0 ){
assert( pOld==pLock );
sqliteFree(pLock);
return 1;
}
}else{
pLock->nRef++;
}
*ppLock = pLock;
pOpen = (struct openCnt*)sqlite3HashFind(&openHash, &key2, sizeof(key2));
if( pOpen==0 ){
struct openCnt *pOld;
pOpen = sqliteMallocRaw( sizeof(*pOpen) );
if( pOpen==0 ){
releaseLockInfo(pLock);
return 1;
}
pOpen->key = key2;
pOpen->nRef = 1;
pOpen->nLock = 0;
pOpen->nPending = 0;
pOpen->aPending = 0;
pOld = sqlite3HashInsert(&openHash, &pOpen->key, sizeof(key2), pOpen);
if( pOld!=0 ){
assert( pOld==pOpen );
sqliteFree(pOpen);
releaseLockInfo(pLock);
return 1;
}
}else{
pOpen->nRef++;
}
*ppOpen = pOpen;
return 0;
}
/*
** Delete the named file
*/
int sqlite3OsDelete(const char *zFilename){
unlink(zFilename);
return SQLITE_OK;
}
/*
** Return TRUE if the named file exists.
*/
int sqlite3OsFileExists(const char *zFilename){
return access(zFilename, 0)==0;
}
/*
** Attempt to open a file for both reading and writing. If that
** fails, try opening it read-only. If the file does not exist,
** try to create it.
**
** On success, a handle for the open file is written to *id
** and *pReadonly is set to 0 if the file was opened for reading and
** writing or 1 if the file was opened read-only. The function returns
** SQLITE_OK.
**
** On failure, the function returns SQLITE_CANTOPEN and leaves
** *id and *pReadonly unchanged.
*/
int sqlite3OsOpenReadWrite(
const char *zFilename,
OsFile *id,
int *pReadonly
){
int rc;
assert( !id->isOpen );
id->dirfd = -1;
id->h = open(zFilename, O_RDWR|O_CREAT|O_LARGEFILE|O_BINARY,
SQLITE_DEFAULT_FILE_PERMISSIONS);
if( id->h<0 ){
#ifdef EISDIR
if( errno==EISDIR ){
return SQLITE_CANTOPEN;
}
#endif
id->h = open(zFilename, O_RDONLY|O_LARGEFILE|O_BINARY);
if( id->h<0 ){
return SQLITE_CANTOPEN;
}
*pReadonly = 1;
}else{
*pReadonly = 0;
}
sqlite3OsEnterMutex();
rc = findLockInfo(id->h, &id->pLock, &id->pOpen);
sqlite3OsLeaveMutex();
if( rc ){
close(id->h);
return SQLITE_NOMEM;
}
id->locktype = 0;
id->isOpen = 1;
TRACE3("OPEN %-3d %s\n", id->h, zFilename);
OpenCounter(+1);
return SQLITE_OK;
}
/*
** Attempt to open a new file for exclusive access by this process.
** The file will be opened for both reading and writing. To avoid
** a potential security problem, we do not allow the file to have
** previously existed. Nor do we allow the file to be a symbolic
** link.
**
** If delFlag is true, then make arrangements to automatically delete
** the file when it is closed.
**
** On success, write the file handle into *id and return SQLITE_OK.
**
** On failure, return SQLITE_CANTOPEN.
*/
int sqlite3OsOpenExclusive(const char *zFilename, OsFile *id, int delFlag){
int rc;
assert( !id->isOpen );
if( access(zFilename, 0)==0 ){
return SQLITE_CANTOPEN;
}
id->dirfd = -1;
id->h = open(zFilename,
O_RDWR|O_CREAT|O_EXCL|O_NOFOLLOW|O_LARGEFILE|O_BINARY, 0600);
if( id->h<0 ){
return SQLITE_CANTOPEN;
}
sqlite3OsEnterMutex();
rc = findLockInfo(id->h, &id->pLock, &id->pOpen);
sqlite3OsLeaveMutex();
if( rc ){
close(id->h);
unlink(zFilename);
return SQLITE_NOMEM;
}
id->locktype = 0;
id->isOpen = 1;
if( delFlag ){
unlink(zFilename);
}
TRACE3("OPEN-EX %-3d %s\n", id->h, zFilename);
OpenCounter(+1);
return SQLITE_OK;
}
/*
** Attempt to open a new file for read-only access.
**
** On success, write the file handle into *id and return SQLITE_OK.
**
** On failure, return SQLITE_CANTOPEN.
*/
int sqlite3OsOpenReadOnly(const char *zFilename, OsFile *id){
int rc;
assert( !id->isOpen );
id->dirfd = -1;
id->h = open(zFilename, O_RDONLY|O_LARGEFILE|O_BINARY);
if( id->h<0 ){
return SQLITE_CANTOPEN;
}
sqlite3OsEnterMutex();
rc = findLockInfo(id->h, &id->pLock, &id->pOpen);
sqlite3OsLeaveMutex();
if( rc ){
close(id->h);
return SQLITE_NOMEM;
}
id->locktype = 0;
id->isOpen = 1;
TRACE3("OPEN-RO %-3d %s\n", id->h, zFilename);
OpenCounter(+1);
return SQLITE_OK;
}
/*
** Attempt to open a file descriptor for the directory that contains a
** file. This file descriptor can be used to fsync() the directory
** in order to make sure the creation of a new file is actually written
** to disk.
**
** This routine is only meaningful for Unix. It is a no-op under
** windows since windows does not support hard links.
**
** On success, a handle for a previously open file is at *id is
** updated with the new directory file descriptor and SQLITE_OK is
** returned.
**
** On failure, the function returns SQLITE_CANTOPEN and leaves
** *id unchanged.
*/
int sqlite3OsOpenDirectory(
const char *zDirname,
OsFile *id
){
if( !id->isOpen ){
/* Do not open the directory if the corresponding file is not already
** open. */
return SQLITE_CANTOPEN;
}
assert( id->dirfd<0 );
id->dirfd = open(zDirname, O_RDONLY|O_BINARY, 0);
if( id->dirfd<0 ){
return SQLITE_CANTOPEN;
}
TRACE3("OPENDIR %-3d %s\n", id->dirfd, zDirname);
return SQLITE_OK;
}
/*
** If the following global variable points to a string which is the
** name of a directory, then that directory will be used to store
** temporary files.
*/
char *sqlite3_temp_directory = 0;
/*
** Create a temporary file name in zBuf. zBuf must be big enough to
** hold at least SQLITE_TEMPNAME_SIZE characters.
*/
int sqlite3OsTempFileName(char *zBuf){
static const char *azDirs[] = {
0,
"/var/tmp",
"/usr/tmp",
"/tmp",
".",
};
static const unsigned char zChars[] =
"abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz"
"ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ"
"0123456789";
int i, j;
struct stat buf;
const char *zDir = ".";
azDirs[0] = sqlite3_temp_directory;
for(i=0; i<sizeof(azDirs)/sizeof(azDirs[0]); i++){
if( azDirs[i]==0 ) continue;
if( stat(azDirs[i], &buf) ) continue;
if( !S_ISDIR(buf.st_mode) ) continue;
if( access(azDirs[i], 07) ) continue;
zDir = azDirs[i];
break;
}
do{
sprintf(zBuf, "%s/"TEMP_FILE_PREFIX, zDir);
j = strlen(zBuf);
sqlite3Randomness(15, &zBuf[j]);
for(i=0; i<15; i++, j++){
zBuf[j] = (char)zChars[ ((unsigned char)zBuf[j])%(sizeof(zChars)-1) ];
}
zBuf[j] = 0;
}while( access(zBuf,0)==0 );
return SQLITE_OK;
}
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_PAGER_PRAGMAS
/*
** Check that a given pathname is a directory and is writable
**
*/
int sqlite3OsIsDirWritable(char *zBuf){
struct stat buf;
if( zBuf==0 ) return 0;
if( zBuf[0]==0 ) return 0;
if( stat(zBuf, &buf) ) return 0;
if( !S_ISDIR(buf.st_mode) ) return 0;
if( access(zBuf, 07) ) return 0;
return 1;
}
#endif /* SQLITE_OMIT_PAGER_PRAGMAS */
/*
** Read data from a file into a buffer. Return SQLITE_OK if all
** bytes were read successfully and SQLITE_IOERR if anything goes
** wrong.
*/
int sqlite3OsRead(OsFile *id, void *pBuf, int amt){
int got;
assert( id->isOpen );
SimulateIOError(SQLITE_IOERR);
TIMER_START;
got = read(id->h, pBuf, amt);
TIMER_END;
TRACE5("READ %-3d %5d %7d %d\n", id->h, got, last_page, TIMER_ELAPSED);
SEEK(0);
/* if( got<0 ) got = 0; */
if( got==amt ){
return SQLITE_OK;
}else{
return SQLITE_IOERR;
}
}
/*
** Write data from a buffer into a file. Return SQLITE_OK on success
** or some other error code on failure.
*/
int sqlite3OsWrite(OsFile *id, const void *pBuf, int amt){
int wrote = 0;
assert( id->isOpen );
assert( amt>0 );
SimulateIOError(SQLITE_IOERR);
SimulateDiskfullError;
TIMER_START;
while( amt>0 && (wrote = write(id->h, pBuf, amt))>0 ){
amt -= wrote;
pBuf = &((char*)pBuf)[wrote];
}
TIMER_END;
TRACE5("WRITE %-3d %5d %7d %d\n", id->h, wrote, last_page, TIMER_ELAPSED);
SEEK(0);
if( amt>0 ){
return SQLITE_FULL;
}
return SQLITE_OK;
}
/*
** Move the read/write pointer in a file.
*/
int sqlite3OsSeek(OsFile *id, i64 offset){
assert( id->isOpen );
SEEK(offset/1024 + 1);
lseek(id->h, offset, SEEK_SET);
return SQLITE_OK;
}
#ifdef SQLITE_TEST
/*
** Count the number of fullsyncs and normal syncs. This is used to test
** that syncs and fullsyncs are occuring at the right times.
*/
int sqlite3_sync_count = 0;
int sqlite3_fullsync_count = 0;
#endif
/*
** The fsync() system call does not work as advertised on many
** unix systems. The following procedure is an attempt to make
** it work better.
**
** The SQLITE_NO_SYNC macro disables all fsync()s. This is useful
** for testing when we want to run through the test suite quickly.
** You are strongly advised *not* to deploy with SQLITE_NO_SYNC
** enabled, however, since with SQLITE_NO_SYNC enabled, an OS crash
** or power failure will likely corrupt the database file.
*/
static int full_fsync(int fd, int fullSync){
int rc;
/* Record the number of times that we do a normal fsync() and
** FULLSYNC. This is used during testing to verify that this procedure
** gets called with the correct arguments.
*/
#ifdef SQLITE_TEST
if( fullSync ) sqlite3_fullsync_count++;
sqlite3_sync_count++;
#endif
/* If we compiled with the SQLITE_NO_SYNC flag, then syncing is a
** no-op
*/
#ifdef SQLITE_NO_SYNC
rc = SQLITE_OK;
#else
#ifdef F_FULLFSYNC
if( fullSync ){
rc = fcntl(fd, F_FULLFSYNC, 0);
}else{
rc = 1;
}
/* If the FULLSYNC failed, try to do a normal fsync() */
if( rc ) rc = fsync(fd);
#else
rc = fsync(fd);
#endif /* defined(F_FULLFSYNC) */
#endif /* defined(SQLITE_NO_SYNC) */
return rc;
}
/*
** Make sure all writes to a particular file are committed to disk.
**
** Under Unix, also make sure that the directory entry for the file
** has been created by fsync-ing the directory that contains the file.
** If we do not do this and we encounter a power failure, the directory
** entry for the journal might not exist after we reboot. The next
** SQLite to access the file will not know that the journal exists (because
** the directory entry for the journal was never created) and the transaction
** will not roll back - possibly leading to database corruption.
*/
int sqlite3OsSync(OsFile *id){
assert( id->isOpen );
SimulateIOError(SQLITE_IOERR);
TRACE2("SYNC %-3d\n", id->h);
if( full_fsync(id->h, id->fullSync) ){
return SQLITE_IOERR;
}
if( id->dirfd>=0 ){
TRACE2("DIRSYNC %-3d\n", id->dirfd);
full_fsync(id->dirfd, id->fullSync);
close(id->dirfd); /* Only need to sync once, so close the directory */
id->dirfd = -1; /* when we are done. */
}
return SQLITE_OK;
}
/*
** Sync the directory zDirname. This is a no-op on operating systems other
** than UNIX.
**
** This is used to make sure the master journal file has truely been deleted
** before making changes to individual journals on a multi-database commit.
** The F_FULLFSYNC option is not needed here.
*/
int sqlite3OsSyncDirectory(const char *zDirname){
int fd;
int r;
SimulateIOError(SQLITE_IOERR);
fd = open(zDirname, O_RDONLY|O_BINARY, 0);
TRACE3("DIRSYNC %-3d (%s)\n", fd, zDirname);
if( fd<0 ){
return SQLITE_CANTOPEN;
}
r = fsync(fd);
close(fd);
return ((r==0)?SQLITE_OK:SQLITE_IOERR);
}
/*
** Truncate an open file to a specified size
*/
int sqlite3OsTruncate(OsFile *id, i64 nByte){
assert( id->isOpen );
SimulateIOError(SQLITE_IOERR);
return ftruncate(id->h, nByte)==0 ? SQLITE_OK : SQLITE_IOERR;
}
/*
** Determine the current size of a file in bytes
*/
int sqlite3OsFileSize(OsFile *id, i64 *pSize){
struct stat buf;
assert( id->isOpen );
SimulateIOError(SQLITE_IOERR);
if( fstat(id->h, &buf)!=0 ){
return SQLITE_IOERR;
}
*pSize = buf.st_size;
return SQLITE_OK;
}
/*
** This routine checks if there is a RESERVED lock held on the specified
** file by this or any other process. If such a lock is held, return
** non-zero. If the file is unlocked or holds only SHARED locks, then
** return zero.
*/
int sqlite3OsCheckReservedLock(OsFile *id){
int r = 0;
assert( id->isOpen );
sqlite3OsEnterMutex(); /* Needed because id->pLock is shared across threads */
/* Check if a thread in this process holds such a lock */
if( id->pLock->locktype>SHARED_LOCK ){
r = 1;
}
/* Otherwise see if some other process holds it.
*/
if( !r ){
struct flock lock;
lock.l_whence = SEEK_SET;
lock.l_start = RESERVED_BYTE;
lock.l_len = 1;
lock.l_type = F_WRLCK;
fcntl(id->h, F_GETLK, &lock);
if( lock.l_type!=F_UNLCK ){
r = 1;
}
}
sqlite3OsLeaveMutex();
TRACE3("TEST WR-LOCK %d %d\n", id->h, r);
return r;
}
#ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
/*
** Helper function for printing out trace information from debugging
** binaries. This returns the string represetation of the supplied
** integer lock-type.
*/
static const char * locktypeName(int locktype){
switch( locktype ){
case NO_LOCK: return "NONE";
case SHARED_LOCK: return "SHARED";
case RESERVED_LOCK: return "RESERVED";
case PENDING_LOCK: return "PENDING";
case EXCLUSIVE_LOCK: return "EXCLUSIVE";
}
return "ERROR";
}
#endif
/*
** Lock the file with the lock specified by parameter locktype - one
** of the following:
**
** (1) SHARED_LOCK
** (2) RESERVED_LOCK
** (3) PENDING_LOCK
** (4) EXCLUSIVE_LOCK
**
** Sometimes when requesting one lock state, additional lock states
** are inserted in between. The locking might fail on one of the later
** transitions leaving the lock state different from what it started but
** still short of its goal. The following chart shows the allowed
** transitions and the inserted intermediate states:
**
** UNLOCKED -> SHARED
** SHARED -> RESERVED
** SHARED -> (PENDING) -> EXCLUSIVE
** RESERVED -> (PENDING) -> EXCLUSIVE
** PENDING -> EXCLUSIVE
**
** This routine will only increase a lock. Use the sqlite3OsUnlock()
** routine to lower a locking level.
*/
int sqlite3OsLock(OsFile *id, int locktype){
/* The following describes the implementation of the various locks and
** lock transitions in terms of the POSIX advisory shared and exclusive
** lock primitives (called read-locks and write-locks below, to avoid
** confusion with SQLite lock names). The algorithms are complicated
** slightly in order to be compatible with windows systems simultaneously
** accessing the same database file, in case that is ever required.
**
** Symbols defined in os.h indentify the 'pending byte' and the 'reserved
** byte', each single bytes at well known offsets, and the 'shared byte
** range', a range of 510 bytes at a well known offset.
**
** To obtain a SHARED lock, a read-lock is obtained on the 'pending
** byte'. If this is successful, a random byte from the 'shared byte
** range' is read-locked and the lock on the 'pending byte' released.
**
** A process may only obtain a RESERVED lock after it has a SHARED lock.
** A RESERVED lock is implemented by grabbing a write-lock on the
** 'reserved byte'.
**
** A process may only obtain a PENDING lock after it has obtained a
** SHARED lock. A PENDING lock is implemented by obtaining a write-lock
** on the 'pending byte'. This ensures that no new SHARED locks can be
** obtained, but existing SHARED locks are allowed to persist. A process
** does not have to obtain a RESERVED lock on the way to a PENDING lock.
** This property is used by the algorithm for rolling back a journal file
** after a crash.
**
** An EXCLUSIVE lock, obtained after a PENDING lock is held, is
** implemented by obtaining a write-lock on the entire 'shared byte
** range'. Since all other locks require a read-lock on one of the bytes
** within this range, this ensures that no other locks are held on the
** database.
**
** The reason a single byte cannot be used instead of the 'shared byte
** range' is that some versions of windows do not support read-locks. By
** locking a random byte from a range, concurrent SHARED locks may exist
** even if the locking primitive used is always a write-lock.
*/
int rc = SQLITE_OK;
struct lockInfo *pLock = id->pLock;
struct flock lock;
int s;
assert( id->isOpen );
TRACE7("LOCK %d %s was %s(%s,%d) pid=%d\n", id->h, locktypeName(locktype),
locktypeName(id->locktype), locktypeName(pLock->locktype), pLock->cnt
,getpid() );
/* If there is already a lock of this type or more restrictive on the
** OsFile, do nothing. Don't use the end_lock: exit path, as
** sqlite3OsEnterMutex() hasn't been called yet.
*/
if( id->locktype>=locktype ){
TRACE3("LOCK %d %s ok (already held)\n", id->h, locktypeName(locktype));
return SQLITE_OK;
}
/* Make sure the locking sequence is correct
*/
assert( id->locktype!=NO_LOCK || locktype==SHARED_LOCK );
assert( locktype!=PENDING_LOCK );
assert( locktype!=RESERVED_LOCK || id->locktype==SHARED_LOCK );
/* This mutex is needed because id->pLock is shared across threads
*/
sqlite3OsEnterMutex();
/* If some thread using this PID has a lock via a different OsFile*
** handle that precludes the requested lock, return BUSY.
*/
if( (id->locktype!=pLock->locktype &&
(pLock->locktype>=PENDING_LOCK || locktype>SHARED_LOCK))
){
rc = SQLITE_BUSY;
goto end_lock;
}
/* If a SHARED lock is requested, and some thread using this PID already
** has a SHARED or RESERVED lock, then increment reference counts and
** return SQLITE_OK.
*/
if( locktype==SHARED_LOCK &&
(pLock->locktype==SHARED_LOCK || pLock->locktype==RESERVED_LOCK) ){
assert( locktype==SHARED_LOCK );
assert( id->locktype==0 );
assert( pLock->cnt>0 );
id->locktype = SHARED_LOCK;
pLock->cnt++;
id->pOpen->nLock++;
goto end_lock;
}
lock.l_len = 1L;
lock.l_whence = SEEK_SET;
/* A PENDING lock is needed before acquiring a SHARED lock and before
** acquiring an EXCLUSIVE lock. For the SHARED lock, the PENDING will
** be released.
*/
if( locktype==SHARED_LOCK
|| (locktype==EXCLUSIVE_LOCK && id->locktype<PENDING_LOCK)
){
lock.l_type = (locktype==SHARED_LOCK?F_RDLCK:F_WRLCK);
lock.l_start = PENDING_BYTE;
s = fcntl(id->h, F_SETLK, &lock);
if( s ){
rc = (errno==EINVAL) ? SQLITE_NOLFS : SQLITE_BUSY;
goto end_lock;
}
}
/* If control gets to this point, then actually go ahead and make
** operating system calls for the specified lock.
*/
if( locktype==SHARED_LOCK ){
assert( pLock->cnt==0 );
assert( pLock->locktype==0 );
/* Now get the read-lock */
lock.l_start = SHARED_FIRST;
lock.l_len = SHARED_SIZE;
s = fcntl(id->h, F_SETLK, &lock);
/* Drop the temporary PENDING lock */
lock.l_start = PENDING_BYTE;
lock.l_len = 1L;
lock.l_type = F_UNLCK;
fcntl(id->h, F_SETLK, &lock);
if( s ){
rc = (errno==EINVAL) ? SQLITE_NOLFS : SQLITE_BUSY;
}else{
id->locktype = SHARED_LOCK;
id->pOpen->nLock++;
pLock->cnt = 1;
}
}else if( locktype==EXCLUSIVE_LOCK && pLock->cnt>1 ){
/* We are trying for an exclusive lock but another thread in this
** same process is still holding a shared lock. */
rc = SQLITE_BUSY;
}else{
/* The request was for a RESERVED or EXCLUSIVE lock. It is
** assumed that there is a SHARED or greater lock on the file
** already.
*/
assert( 0!=id->locktype );
lock.l_type = F_WRLCK;
switch( locktype ){
case RESERVED_LOCK:
lock.l_start = RESERVED_BYTE;
break;
case EXCLUSIVE_LOCK:
lock.l_start = SHARED_FIRST;
lock.l_len = SHARED_SIZE;
break;
default:
assert(0);
}
s = fcntl(id->h, F_SETLK, &lock);
if( s ){
rc = (errno==EINVAL) ? SQLITE_NOLFS : SQLITE_BUSY;
}
}
if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
id->locktype = locktype;
pLock->locktype = locktype;
}else if( locktype==EXCLUSIVE_LOCK ){
id->locktype = PENDING_LOCK;
pLock->locktype = PENDING_LOCK;
}
end_lock:
sqlite3OsLeaveMutex();
TRACE4("LOCK %d %s %s\n", id->h, locktypeName(locktype),
rc==SQLITE_OK ? "ok" : "failed");
return rc;
}
/*
** Lower the locking level on file descriptor id to locktype. locktype
** must be either NO_LOCK or SHARED_LOCK.
**
** If the locking level of the file descriptor is already at or below
** the requested locking level, this routine is a no-op.
**
** It is not possible for this routine to fail if the second argument
** is NO_LOCK. If the second argument is SHARED_LOCK, this routine
** might return SQLITE_IOERR instead of SQLITE_OK.
*/
int sqlite3OsUnlock(OsFile *id, int locktype){
struct lockInfo *pLock;
struct flock lock;
int rc = SQLITE_OK;
assert( id->isOpen );
TRACE7("UNLOCK %d %d was %d(%d,%d) pid=%d\n", id->h, locktype, id->locktype,
id->pLock->locktype, id->pLock->cnt, getpid());
assert( locktype<=SHARED_LOCK );
if( id->locktype<=locktype ){
return SQLITE_OK;
}
sqlite3OsEnterMutex();
pLock = id->pLock;
assert( pLock->cnt!=0 );
if( id->locktype>SHARED_LOCK ){
assert( pLock->locktype==id->locktype );
if( locktype==SHARED_LOCK ){
lock.l_type = F_RDLCK;
lock.l_whence = SEEK_SET;
lock.l_start = SHARED_FIRST;
lock.l_len = SHARED_SIZE;
if( fcntl(id->h, F_SETLK, &lock)!=0 ){
/* This should never happen */
rc = SQLITE_IOERR;
}
}
lock.l_type = F_UNLCK;
lock.l_whence = SEEK_SET;
lock.l_start = PENDING_BYTE;
lock.l_len = 2L; assert( PENDING_BYTE+1==RESERVED_BYTE );
fcntl(id->h, F_SETLK, &lock);
pLock->locktype = SHARED_LOCK;
}
if( locktype==NO_LOCK ){
struct openCnt *pOpen;
/* Decrement the shared lock counter. Release the lock using an
** OS call only when all threads in this same process have released
** the lock.
*/
pLock->cnt--;
if( pLock->cnt==0 ){
lock.l_type = F_UNLCK;
lock.l_whence = SEEK_SET;
lock.l_start = lock.l_len = 0L;
fcntl(id->h, F_SETLK, &lock);
pLock->locktype = NO_LOCK;
}
/* Decrement the count of locks against this same file. When the
** count reaches zero, close any other file descriptors whose close
** was deferred because of outstanding locks.
*/
pOpen = id->pOpen;
pOpen->nLock--;
assert( pOpen->nLock>=0 );
if( pOpen->nLock==0 && pOpen->nPending>0 ){
int i;
for(i=0; i<pOpen->nPending; i++){
close(pOpen->aPending[i]);
}
sqliteFree(pOpen->aPending);
pOpen->nPending = 0;
pOpen->aPending = 0;
}
}
sqlite3OsLeaveMutex();
id->locktype = locktype;
return rc;
}
/*
** Close a file.
*/
int sqlite3OsClose(OsFile *id){
if( !id->isOpen ) return SQLITE_OK;
sqlite3OsUnlock(id, NO_LOCK);
if( id->dirfd>=0 ) close(id->dirfd);
id->dirfd = -1;
sqlite3OsEnterMutex();
if( id->pOpen->nLock ){
/* If there are outstanding locks, do not actually close the file just
** yet because that would clear those locks. Instead, add the file
** descriptor to pOpen->aPending. It will be automatically closed when
** the last lock is cleared.
*/
int *aNew;
struct openCnt *pOpen = id->pOpen;
pOpen->nPending++;
aNew = sqliteRealloc( pOpen->aPending, pOpen->nPending*sizeof(int) );
if( aNew==0 ){
/* If a malloc fails, just leak the file descriptor */
}else{
pOpen->aPending = aNew;
pOpen->aPending[pOpen->nPending-1] = id->h;
}
}else{
/* There are no outstanding locks so we can close the file immediately */
close(id->h);
}
releaseLockInfo(id->pLock);
releaseOpenCnt(id->pOpen);
sqlite3OsLeaveMutex();
id->isOpen = 0;
TRACE2("CLOSE %-3d\n", id->h);
OpenCounter(-1);
return SQLITE_OK;
}
/*
** Turn a relative pathname into a full pathname. Return a pointer
** to the full pathname stored in space obtained from sqliteMalloc().
** The calling function is responsible for freeing this space once it
** is no longer needed.
*/
char *sqlite3OsFullPathname(const char *zRelative){
char *zFull = 0;
if( zRelative[0]=='/' ){
sqlite3SetString(&zFull, zRelative, (char*)0);
}else{
char zBuf[5000];
zBuf[0] = 0;
sqlite3SetString(&zFull, getcwd(zBuf, sizeof(zBuf)), "/", zRelative,
(char*)0);
}
return zFull;
}
#endif /* SQLITE_OMIT_DISKIO */
/***************************************************************************
** Everything above deals with file I/O. Everything that follows deals
** with other miscellanous aspects of the operating system interface
****************************************************************************/
/*
** Get information to seed the random number generator. The seed
** is written into the buffer zBuf[256]. The calling function must
** supply a sufficiently large buffer.
*/
int sqlite3OsRandomSeed(char *zBuf){
/* We have to initialize zBuf to prevent valgrind from reporting
** errors. The reports issued by valgrind are incorrect - we would
** prefer that the randomness be increased by making use of the
** uninitialized space in zBuf - but valgrind errors tend to worry
** some users. Rather than argue, it seems easier just to initialize
** the whole array and silence valgrind, even if that means less randomness
** in the random seed.
**
** When testing, initializing zBuf[] to zero is all we do. That means
** that we always use the same random number sequence.* This makes the
** tests repeatable.
*/
memset(zBuf, 0, 256);
#if !defined(SQLITE_TEST)
{
int pid, fd;
fd = open("/dev/urandom", O_RDONLY);
if( fd<0 ){
time((time_t*)zBuf);
pid = getpid();
memcpy(&zBuf[sizeof(time_t)], &pid, sizeof(pid));
}else{
read(fd, zBuf, 256);
close(fd);
}
}
#endif
return SQLITE_OK;
}
/*
** Sleep for a little while. Return the amount of time slept.
*/
int sqlite3OsSleep(int ms){
#if defined(HAVE_USLEEP) && HAVE_USLEEP
usleep(ms*1000);
return ms;
#else
sleep((ms+999)/1000);
return 1000*((ms+999)/1000);
#endif
}
/*
** Static variables used for thread synchronization
*/
static int inMutex = 0;
#ifdef SQLITE_UNIX_THREADS
static pthread_mutex_t mutex = PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER;
#endif
/*
** The following pair of routine implement mutual exclusion for
** multi-threaded processes. Only a single thread is allowed to
** executed code that is surrounded by EnterMutex() and LeaveMutex().
**
** SQLite uses only a single Mutex. There is not much critical
** code and what little there is executes quickly and without blocking.
*/
void sqlite3OsEnterMutex(){
#ifdef SQLITE_UNIX_THREADS
pthread_mutex_lock(&mutex);
#endif
assert( !inMutex );
inMutex = 1;
}
void sqlite3OsLeaveMutex(){
assert( inMutex );
inMutex = 0;
#ifdef SQLITE_UNIX_THREADS
pthread_mutex_unlock(&mutex);
#endif
}
/*
** The following variable, if set to a non-zero value, becomes the result
** returned from sqlite3OsCurrentTime(). This is used for testing.
*/
#ifdef SQLITE_TEST
int sqlite3_current_time = 0;
#endif
/*
** Find the current time (in Universal Coordinated Time). Write the
** current time and date as a Julian Day number into *prNow and
** return 0. Return 1 if the time and date cannot be found.
*/
int sqlite3OsCurrentTime(double *prNow){
time_t t;
time(&t);
*prNow = t/86400.0 + 2440587.5;
#ifdef SQLITE_TEST
if( sqlite3_current_time ){
*prNow = sqlite3_current_time/86400.0 + 2440587.5;
}
#endif
return 0;
}
#endif /* OS_UNIX */
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