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162 lines
7.5 KiB
162 lines
7.5 KiB
13 years ago
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<title>Using the C API when Embedding — SIP 4.10.5 Reference Guide</title>
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<div class="section" id="using-the-c-api-when-embedding">
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<h1>Using the C API when Embedding<a class="headerlink" href="#using-the-c-api-when-embedding" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1>
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<p>The <a class="reference external" href="c_api.html#ref-c-api"><em>C API</em></a> is intended to be called from handwritten code in
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SIP generated modules. However it is also often necessary to call it from C or
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C++ applications that embed the Python interpreter and need to pass C or C++
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instances between the application and the interpreter.</p>
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<p>The API is exported by the SIP module as a <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">sipAPIDef</span></tt> data structure
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containing a set of function pointers. The data structure is defined in the
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SIP header file <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">sip.h</span></tt>. The data structure is wrapped as a Python
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<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">PyCObject</span></tt> object and is referenced by the name <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">_C_API</span></tt> in the SIP
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module dictionary.</p>
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<p>Each member of the data structure is a pointer to one of the functions of the
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SIP API. The name of the member can be derived from the function name by
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replacing the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">sip</span></tt> prefix with <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">api</span></tt> and converting each word in the
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name to lower case and preceding it with an underscore. For example:</p>
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<blockquote>
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<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">sipExportSymbol</span></tt> becomes <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">api_export_symbol</span></tt></p>
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<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">sipWrapperCheck</span></tt> becomes <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">api_wrapper_check</span></tt></p>
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</blockquote>
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<p>Note that the type objects that SIP generates for a wrapped module (see
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<a class="reference external" href="c_api.html#ref-type-structures"><em>Generated Type Structures</em></a>, <a class="reference external" href="c_api.html#ref-enum-type-objects"><em>Generated Named Enum Type Objects</em></a> and
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<a class="reference external" href="c_api.html#ref-exception-objects"><em>Generated Exception Objects</em></a>) cannot be refered to directly and must be
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obtained using the <a title="sipFindType" class="reference external" href="c_api.html#sipFindType"><tt class="xref docutils literal"><span class="pre">sipFindType()</span></tt></a> function. Of course, the
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corresponding modules must already have been imported into the interpreter.</p>
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<p>The following code fragment shows how to get a pointer to the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">sipAPIDef</span></tt>
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data structure:</p>
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<div class="highlight-python"><pre>#include <sip.h>
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const sipAPIDef *get_sip_api()
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{
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PyObject *sip_module;
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PyObject *sip_module_dict;
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PyObject *c_api;
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/* Import the SIP module. */
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sip_module = PyImport_ImportModule("sip");
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if (sip_module == NULL)
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return NULL;
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/* Get the module's dictionary. */
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sip_module_dict = PyModule_GetDict(sip_module);
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/* Get the "_C_API" attribute. */
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c_api = PyDict_GetItemString(sip_module_dict, "_C_API");
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if (c_api == NULL)
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return NULL;
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/* Sanity check that it is the right type. */
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if (!PyCObject_Check(c_api))
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return NULL;
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/* Get the actual pointer from the object. */
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return (const sipAPIDef *)PyCObject_AsVoidPtr(c_api);
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}</pre>
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title="previous chapter">C API for Handwritten Code</a></p>
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