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1388 lines
67 KiB
1388 lines
67 KiB
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<!--
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<?xml version="1.0" ?>
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<!DOCTYPE glossary PUBLIC "-//KDE//DTD DocBook XML V4.2-Based Variant V1.1//EN"
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"customization/dtd/kdex.dtd" [
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<!ENTITY % addindex "IGNORE">
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<!ENTITY % English "INCLUDE">
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<!ENTITY glossary-kdeprinting SYSTEM "kdeprintingglossary.docbook">
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]>
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<glossary id="glossary">
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-->
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<glossdiv id="glossdiv-printing">
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<title>Printing</title>
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<glossentry id="gloss-acl">
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<glossterm><acronym>ACLs</acronym></glossterm>
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<glossdef><para>Abbreviation for <emphasis>A</emphasis>ccess
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<emphasis>C</emphasis>ontrol <emphasis>L</emphasis>ists;
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ACLs are used to check for the access by a given
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(authenticated) user. A first rough support for ACLs
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for printing is available from &CUPS;; this will be refined
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in future versions. </para>
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<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-authentication">Authentication</glossseealso>
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</glossdef>
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</glossentry>
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<glossentry id="gloss-appsocketprotocol">
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<glossterm>AppSocket Protocol</glossterm>
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<glossdef><para>AppSocket is a protocol for the transfer of
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print data, also frequently called "Direct TCP/IP Printing".
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&Hewlett-Packard; have taken AppSocket, added a few minor
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extensions around it and been very successful in renaming
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and marketing it under the brand "&HP; JetDirect"...</para>
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<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-hpjetdirectprotocol">&HP; JetDirect Protocol</glossseealso>
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<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-directtcpipprinting">Direct TCP/IP Printing</glossseealso>
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</glossdef>
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</glossentry>
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<glossentry id="gloss-apsfilter">
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<glossterm>APSfilter</glossterm>
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<glossdef><para>APSfilter is used mainly in the context of "classical"
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&UNIX; printing (BSD-style LPD). It is a sophisticated shell script,
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disguised as an "all-in-one" filtering program. In reality,
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APSfilter calls "real filters" to do the jobs needed. It sends
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printjobs automatically through these other filters, based on an
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initial file-type analysis of the printfile.
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It is written and maintained by Andreas Klemm.
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<!--
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</para>
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<para>
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-->
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It is
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similar to Magicfilter and mostly uses Ghostscript for file conversions.
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Some Linux Distributions (like &SuSE;) use APSfilter, others
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Magicfilter (like &RedHat;), some have both for preference selection
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(like *BSD).
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<!--
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</para>
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<para>
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-->
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&CUPS; has <emphasis>no</emphasis> need for APSfilter,
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as it runs its own file type recognition (based on &MIME; types)
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and applies its own filtering logic.</para>
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<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-ghostscript">Ghostscript</glossseealso>
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<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-magicfilter">Magicfilter</glossseealso>
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<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-mimetypes">&MIME;-Types</glossseealso>
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<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-printcap">printcap</glossseealso>
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</glossdef>
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</glossentry>
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<glossentry id="gloss-authentication">
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<glossterm>Authentication</glossterm>
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<glossdef><para>Proving the identity of a certain person (maybe via username/password
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or by means of a certificate) is often called authentication. Once you are
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authenticated, you may or may not get access to a requested ressource,
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possibly based on ACLs.</para>
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<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-acl">ACLs</glossseealso>
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</glossdef>
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</glossentry>
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<glossentry id="gloss-bidirectionalcommunication">
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<glossterm>Bi-directional communication</glossterm>
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<glossdef><para>In the context of printing, a server or a host may receive additional
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information sent back from the printer (status messages &etc;), either
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upon a query or unrequested. AppSocket ( = &HP; JetDirect), &CUPS; and IPP
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support bi-directional communication, LPR/LPD and BSD-style printing
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do not...</para>
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<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-appsocketprotocol">AppSocket Protocol</glossseealso>
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<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-cups">&CUPS;</glossseealso>
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<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-directtcpipprinting">Direct TCP/IP Printing</glossseealso>
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<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-hpjetdirectprotocol">&HP; JetDirect</glossseealso>
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<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-ipp">IPP</glossseealso>
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<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-lprlpd">LPR/LPD</glossseealso>
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</glossdef>
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</glossentry>
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<glossentry id="gloss-bsdstyleprinting">
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<glossterm>BSD-style Printing</glossterm>
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<glossdef><para>Generic term for different variants of the traditional &UNIX;
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printing method. Its first version appeared in the early 70s on
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BSD &UNIX; and was formally described in <ulink url="http://www.rfc.net/rfc1179.html">RFC 1179</ulink> only as late
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as 1990.
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<!--
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</para>
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<para>
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-->
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At the time when BSD "remote" printing was first designed, printers
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were serially or otherwise directly connected devices to a host
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(with the Internet hardly consisting of more than 100 nodes!); printers
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used hole-punched, continuous paper, fed through by a tractor
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mechanism, with simple rows of ASCII text mechanically hammered on to
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the medium, drawn from a cardboard box beneath the table. It came out
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like a zig-zag folded paper "snake". Remote printing consisted of a
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neighboring host in the next room sending a file
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asking for printout.
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<!--
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</para>
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<para>
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-->
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How technology has changed! Printers generally use cut-sheet media, they have
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built-in intelligence to compute the raster images of pages after pages
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that are sent to them using one of the powerful page description
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languages (PDL). Many are network nodes in their own right,
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with CPU, RAM, a hard disk and their own Operation System, and
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are hooked to a net with potentially millions of users...
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<!--
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</para>
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<para>
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-->
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It is a vast proof of the flexible &UNIX; concept for doing things,
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that it made "Line Printing" reliably work even under these modern
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conditions. But time has finally come now to go for something new
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-- the IPP.
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It is strong proof of the flexibility of &UNIX;; that "Line Printing" works
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reliably, even under these modern conditions. But time has finally come now
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to go for something new -- the IPP.
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</para>
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<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-ipp">IPP</glossseealso>
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<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-cups">&CUPS;</glossseealso>
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<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-lprlpd">LPR/LPD printing</glossseealso>
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</glossdef>
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</glossentry>
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<glossentry id="gloss-cups">
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<glossterm>&CUPS;</glossterm>
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<glossdef><para>Abbreviation for <emphasis>C</emphasis>ommon
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<emphasis>U</emphasis>NIX <emphasis>P</emphasis>rinting
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<emphasis>S</emphasis>ystem; &CUPS; is the most modern &UNIX; and Linux
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printing system, also providing cross-platform print services
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to &Microsoft; &Windows; and Apple &MacOS; clients. Based on IPP, it does
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away with all the pitfalls of old-style BSD printing,
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providing authentication, encryption and ACLs, plus many more
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features. At the same time it is backward-compatible enough
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to serve all legacy clients that are not yet up to IPP, via
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LPR/LPD (BSD-style).
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<!--
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</para>
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<para>
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-->
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&CUPS; is able to control any &PostScript; printer by
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utilizing the vendor-supplied PPD (PostScript Printer
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Description file), targeted originally for &Microsoft; Windows NT
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printing only. &kde; Printing is most powerful if based on
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&CUPS;.</para>
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<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-acl">ACLs</glossseealso>
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<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-authentication">Authentication</glossseealso>
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<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-bsdstyleprinting">BSD-style printing</glossseealso>
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<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-ipp">IPP</glossseealso>
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<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-kdeprint">KDEPrint</glossseealso>
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<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-lprlpd">LPR/LPD</glossseealso>
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<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-ppd">PPD</glossseealso>
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</glossdef>
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</glossentry>
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<glossentry id="gloss-cupsfaq">
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<glossterm><acronym>&CUPS;-FAQ</acronym></glossterm>
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<glossdef><para>Currently only available in German (translation is on the way),
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the <ulink url="http://www.danka.de/printpro/faq.html">&CUPS;-FAQ</ulink>
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is a valuable resource to answer many questions that anyone new to
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&CUPS; printing might have at first.
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</para>
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<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-kdeprinthandbook">KDEPrint Handbook</glossseealso>
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</glossdef>
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</glossentry>
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<glossentry id="gloss-cups-o-matic">
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<glossterm>&CUPS;-O-Matic</glossterm>
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<glossdef><para>&CUPS;-O-Matic was the first "Third Party" plugin for
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the &CUPS; printing software. It is available on the <ulink
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url="http://www.linuxprinting.org/cups-doc.html">Linuxprinting.org
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website</ulink> to provide an online PPD-generating service.
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<!--
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</para>
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<para>
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-->
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Together with the companion <application>cupsomatic</application> Perl-Script,
|
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that needs to be installed as an additional &CUPS; backend,
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it redirects output from the native <application>pstops</application> filter into
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a chain of suitable Ghostscript filters. Upon completion, it
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|
passes the resulting data back to a &CUPS; "backend" for sending
|
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to the printer.
|
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<!--
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|
</para>
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<para>
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-->
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In this way, &CUPS;-O-Matic enables support for any printer known to
|
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have worked previously in a "classical" Ghostscript environment.
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If no native &CUPS; support for that printer is in sight... &CUPS;-O-Matic
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is now replaced by the more capable PPD-O-Matic.</para>
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<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-cupsomatic">cupsomatic</glossseealso>
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<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-PPD-O-Matic">PPD-O-Matic</glossseealso>
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<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-foomatic">Foomatic</glossseealso>
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</glossdef>
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</glossentry>
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<glossentry id="gloss-cupsomatic">
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<glossterm>cupsomatic</glossterm>
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<glossdef><para>The Perl script <application>cupsomatic</application> (plus a working Perl installation
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on your system) is needed to make any &CUPS;-O-Matic (or PPD-O-Matic)
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generated PPD work with &CUPS;. It was written by Grant Taylor, author of
|
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the Linux Printing HOWTO and Maintainer of the <ulink
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url="http://www.linuxprinting.org/printer_list.cgi">printer
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database</ulink> at the Linuxprinting.org website.</para>
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<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-cups-o-matic">&CUPS;-O-Matic</glossseealso>
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<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-foomatic">Foomatic</glossseealso>
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<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-cupsomatic">cupsomatic</glossseealso>
|
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</glossdef>
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</glossentry>
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<glossentry id="gloss-daemon">
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<glossterm><acronym>Daemon</acronym></glossterm>
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<glossdef><para>Abbreviation for <emphasis>D</emphasis>isk
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<emphasis>a</emphasis>nd <emphasis>e</emphasis>xecution
|
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<emphasis>mon</emphasis>itor; <acronym>Daemons</acronym> are present
|
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on all &UNIX; systems to perform tasks independent of user
|
|
intervention. Readers more familiar with &Microsoft; &Windows; might
|
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want to compare daemons and the tasks they are responsible
|
|
with "services".
|
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<!--
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</para>
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<para>
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-->
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One example of a daemon present on most
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legacy &UNIX; systems is the LPD (Line Printer Daemon); &CUPS; is
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widely seen as the successor to LPD in the &UNIX; world and
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it also operates through a daemon. </para>
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<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-spooling">SPOOLing</glossseealso>
|
|
</glossdef>
|
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</glossentry>
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<glossentry id="gloss-databaselinuxprinting">
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<glossterm>Database, Linuxprinting.org</glossterm>
|
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<glossdef><para>Already years ago, when Linux printing was still really difficult
|
|
(only command line printing was known to most Linux users, no device
|
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specific print options were available for doing the jobs), Grant Taylor,
|
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author of the "Linux Printing HOWTO", collected most of the available
|
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information about printers, drivers and filters in his database.
|
|
<!--
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|
</para>
|
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<para>
|
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-->
|
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With the emerging
|
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&CUPS; concept, extending the use of PPDs even to non-PostScript printers,
|
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he realized the potential of this database: if one puts the different
|
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datablobs (with content that could be described along the lines
|
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"Which device prints with which Ghostscript or other
|
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filter?", "How well?", and "What command line switches are available?") into
|
|
PPD-compatible files, he could have all the power of &CUPS; on top of
|
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the traditional printer "drivers".
|
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<!--
|
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</para>
|
|
<para>
|
|
-->
|
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This has now developed into a broader
|
|
concept, known as "Foomatic". Foomatic extends the capabilities
|
|
of spoolers other than &CUPS; (LPR/LPD, LPRng, PDQ, PPR) to a certain
|
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degree ("stealing" some concepts from &CUPS;). The Linuxprinting
|
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Database is not a Linux-only stop -- people running other &UNIX;
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based OSes (like *BSD or &MacOS; X) will also find valuable information
|
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and software there.
|
|
</para>
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<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-foomatic">Foomatic</glossseealso>
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<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-linuxprintingdatabase">Linuxprinting database</glossseealso>
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</glossdef>
|
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</glossentry>
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<glossentry id="gloss-directtcpipprinting">
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<glossterm>Direct TCP/IP Printing</glossterm>
|
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<glossdef><para>This is a method that often uses TCP/IP port 9100 to connect
|
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to the printer. It works with many modern network printers and has
|
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a few advantages over LPR/LPD, as it is faster and provides some
|
|
"backchannel feedback data" from the printer to the host sending
|
|
the job.</para>
|
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<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-appsocketprotocol">AppSocket Protocol</glossseealso>
|
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<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-hpjetdirectprotocol">&HP; JetDirect Protocol</glossseealso>
|
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</glossdef>
|
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</glossentry>
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<glossentry id="gloss-drivers">
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<glossterm>Drivers, Printer Drivers</glossterm>
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<glossdef><para>The term "printer drivers", used in the same sense
|
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as on the &Microsoft; &Windows; platform, is not entirely applicable
|
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to a Linux or &UNIX; platform. A "driver" functionality
|
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is supplied on &UNIX; by different modular components working
|
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together. At the core of the printer drivers are "filters". Filters convert
|
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print files from a given input format to another format that is acceptable
|
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to the target printer. In many cases filters may be connected to a whole
|
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filter "chain", where only the result of the last conversion is sent to the
|
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printer. The actual transfer of the print data to the device is performed by
|
|
a "backend".
|
|
</para>
|
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<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-filter">Filter</glossseealso>
|
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<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-ppd">PPDs</glossseealso>
|
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</glossdef>
|
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</glossentry>
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<glossentry id="gloss-easysoftwareproducts">
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<glossterm>Easy Software Products</glossterm>
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<glossdef><para>Mike Sweet's company, which has contributed a few substantial
|
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software products towards the Free Software community; amongst
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them the initial version of <ulink
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url="http://gimp-print.sf.net/">Gimp-Print,</ulink> the <ulink
|
|
url="http://www.easysw.com/epm/">EPM software packaging</ulink> tool
|
|
and <ulink url="http://www.easysw.com/htmldoc/">HTMLDOC</ulink>
|
|
(used by the "Linux Documentation Project" to build the PDF versions
|
|
of the HOWTOs) -- but most importantly: <ulink
|
|
url="http://www.cups.org/">&CUPS;</ulink> (the 'Common &UNIX; Printing
|
|
System').
|
|
<!--
|
|
</para>
|
|
<para>
|
|
-->
|
|
ESP finance themselves by selling a commercial version
|
|
of &CUPS;, called <ulink url="http://www.easysw.com/">ESP PrintPro,</ulink>
|
|
that includes some professional enhancements.
|
|
</para>
|
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<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-cups">&CUPS;</glossseealso>
|
|
<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-espprintpro">ESP PrintPro</glossseealso>
|
|
<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-esp">ESP</glossseealso>
|
|
<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-gimpprint">Gimp-Print</glossseealso>
|
|
</glossdef>
|
|
</glossentry>
|
|
|
|
<glossentry id="gloss-encryption">
|
|
<glossterm>Encryption</glossterm>
|
|
<glossdef><para>Encryption of confidential data is an all-important issue if
|
|
you transfer it over the Internet or even within intranets.
|
|
<!--
|
|
</para>
|
|
<para>
|
|
-->
|
|
Printing
|
|
via traditional protocols is not encrypted at all -- it is very easy
|
|
to tap and eavesdrop ⪚ into &PostScript; or PCL data transfered
|
|
over the wire.
|
|
<!--
|
|
</para>
|
|
<para>
|
|
-->
|
|
Therefore, in the design of IPP, provision was made for the easy
|
|
plugin of encryption mechanisms (which can be provided by the same
|
|
means as the encryption standards for HTTP traffic: SSL and TLS).</para>
|
|
<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-authentication">Authentication</glossseealso>
|
|
<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-cups">&CUPS;</glossseealso>
|
|
<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-ipp">IPP</glossseealso>
|
|
<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-ssl">SSL</glossseealso>
|
|
<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-tls">TLS</glossseealso>
|
|
</glossdef>
|
|
</glossentry>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<glossentry id="gloss-epson">
|
|
<glossterm><acronym>Epson</acronym></glossterm>
|
|
<glossdef><para>Epson inkjets are among the best supported models by Free software
|
|
drivers, as the company was not necessarily as secretive about their
|
|
devices and handed technical specification documents to developers.
|
|
The excellent print quality achieved by Gimp-Print on the Stylus
|
|
series of printers can be attributed to this openness.
|
|
<!--
|
|
</para>
|
|
<para>
|
|
-->
|
|
They have also
|
|
contracted Easy Software Products to maintain an enhanced version
|
|
of Ghostscript ("ESP GhostScript") for improved support of their
|
|
printer portfolio.
|
|
</para>
|
|
<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-ghostscript">ESP Ghostscript</glossseealso>
|
|
</glossdef>
|
|
</glossentry>
|
|
|
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|
|
<glossentry id="gloss-escapesequence">
|
|
<glossterm>Escape Sequences</glossterm>
|
|
<glossdef><para>The first ever printers printed ASCII data only. To
|
|
initiate a new line, or eject a page, they included special
|
|
command sequences, often carrying a leading [ESC]-character.
|
|
&HP; evolved this concept through its series of PCL language
|
|
editions until today, having now developed a full-blown
|
|
Page Description Language (PDL) from these humble beginnings.
|
|
</para>
|
|
<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-pcl">PCL</glossseealso>
|
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<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-pdl">PDL</glossseealso>
|
|
</glossdef>
|
|
</glossentry>
|
|
|
|
<glossentry id="gloss-escp">
|
|
<glossterm><acronym>ESC/P</acronym></glossterm>
|
|
<glossdef><para>Abbreviation for <emphasis>E</emphasis>pson
|
|
<emphasis>S</emphasis>tandard <emphasis>C</emphasis>odes for
|
|
<emphasis>P</emphasis>rinters. Besides &PostScript; and PCL, Epson's ESC/P
|
|
printer language is one of the best known.</para>
|
|
<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-pcl">PCL</glossseealso>
|
|
<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-postscript">&PostScript;</glossseealso>
|
|
<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-hpgl">hpgl</glossseealso>
|
|
</glossdef>
|
|
</glossentry>
|
|
|
|
<glossentry id="gloss-esp">
|
|
<glossterm><acronym>ESP</acronym></glossterm>
|
|
<glossdef><para>Abbreviation for <emphasis>E</emphasis>asy
|
|
<emphasis>S</emphasis>oftware <emphasis>P</emphasis>roducts;
|
|
the company that developed &CUPS; (the "Common &UNIX; Printing System").
|
|
</para>
|
|
<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-easysoftwareproducts">Easy Software Products</glossseealso>
|
|
<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-cups">&CUPS;</glossseealso>
|
|
<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-espprintpro">ESP PrintPro</glossseealso>
|
|
</glossdef>
|
|
</glossentry>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<glossentry id="gloss-espghostscript">
|
|
<glossterm><acronym>ESP</acronym> Ghostscript</glossterm>
|
|
<glossdef><para>A Ghostscript version that is maintained by Easy Software
|
|
Products. It includes pre-compiled Gimp-Print drivers for
|
|
many inkjets (plus some other goodies). ESP Ghostscript
|
|
will produce photographic quality prints in many cases, especially
|
|
with the Epson Stylus model series. ESP Ghostscript is GPL-software.
|
|
</para>
|
|
<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-easysoftwareproducts">Easy Software Products</glossseealso>
|
|
<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-cups">&CUPS;</glossseealso>
|
|
<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-espprintpro">ESP PrintPro</glossseealso>
|
|
</glossdef>
|
|
</glossentry>
|
|
|
|
<glossentry id="gloss-espprintpro">
|
|
<glossterm><acronym>ESP</acronym> PrintPro</glossterm>
|
|
<glossdef><para> This professional enhancement to &CUPS; (the "Common &UNIX;
|
|
Printing System") is sold by the developers
|
|
of &CUPS; complete with more than 2,300 printer drivers for several commercial
|
|
&UNIX; platforms. <ulink url="http://www.easysw.com/printpro/">ESP PrintPro</ulink>
|
|
is supposed to work "out of the box" with little or no configuration
|
|
for users or admins. ESP also sell support contracts for
|
|
&CUPS; and PrintPro. These sales help to feed the programmers who
|
|
develop the Free version of &CUPS;.
|
|
</para>
|
|
<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-cups">&CUPS;</glossseealso>
|
|
</glossdef>
|
|
</glossentry>
|
|
|
|
<glossentry id="gloss-filter">
|
|
<glossterm>Filter</glossterm>
|
|
<glossdef><para>Filters, in general, are programs that take some input
|
|
data, work on it and pass it on as their output data. Filters
|
|
may or may not change the data.
|
|
<!--
|
|
</para>
|
|
<para>
|
|
-->
|
|
Filters in the context of printing, are programs that convert
|
|
a given file (destined for printing, but not suitable in the
|
|
format it is presently) into a printable format. Sometimes
|
|
whole "filter chains" have to be constructed to achieve the
|
|
goal, piping the output of one filter as the input to the next.
|
|
</para>
|
|
<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-ghostscript">Ghostscript</glossseealso>
|
|
<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-rip">RIP</glossseealso>
|
|
</glossdef>
|
|
</glossentry>
|
|
|
|
<glossentry id="gloss-foomatic">
|
|
<glossterm>Foomatic</glossterm>
|
|
<glossdef><para>Foomatic started out as the wrapper name for a set of
|
|
different tools available from <ulink
|
|
url="http://www.linuxprinting.org/">Linuxprinting.org</ulink>
|
|
These tools aimed to make the usage of traditional
|
|
Ghostscript and other print filters easier for users and
|
|
extend the filters' capabilities by adding more command line
|
|
switches or explain the driver's execution data.
|
|
<!--
|
|
</para>
|
|
<para>
|
|
-->
|
|
Foomatic's different incarnations are &CUPS;-O-Matic, PPD-O-Matic,
|
|
PDQ-O-Matic, LPD-O-Matic, PPR-O-Matic, MF-O-Matic and
|
|
Direct-O-Matic. All of these allow the generation
|
|
of appropriate printer configuration files online, by simply
|
|
selection the suitable model and suggested (or alternate) driver
|
|
for that machine.
|
|
<!--
|
|
</para>
|
|
<para>
|
|
-->
|
|
More recently, Foomatic gravitated towards becoming a "meta-spooling"
|
|
system, that allows configuration of the underlying print subsystem
|
|
through a unified set of commands (however, this is much more
|
|
complicated than KDEPrint's &GUI; interface, which performs a similar
|
|
task with regards to different print subsystems). </para>
|
|
<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-cups-o-matic">&CUPS;-O-Matic</glossseealso>
|
|
<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-PPD-O-Matic">PPD-O-Matic</glossseealso>
|
|
<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-cupsomatic">cupsomatic</glossseealso>
|
|
</glossdef>
|
|
</glossentry>
|
|
|
|
<glossentry id="gloss-ghostscript">
|
|
<glossterm>Ghostscript</glossterm>
|
|
<glossdef><para>Ghostscript is a &PostScript; Raster Image Processor (RIP) in software, originally
|
|
developed by L. Peter Deutsch. There is always a <acronym>GPL</acronym> version
|
|
of Ghostscript available for free usage and distribution
|
|
(mostly 1 year old) while
|
|
the current version is commercially sold under another license.
|
|
<!--
|
|
</para>
|
|
<para>
|
|
-->
|
|
Ghostscript is widely used inside the Linux and &UNIX; world
|
|
for transforming &PostScript; into raster data suitable
|
|
for sending to non-&PostScript; devices.</para>
|
|
<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-postscript">&PostScript;</glossseealso>
|
|
<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-rip">RIP</glossseealso>
|
|
</glossdef>
|
|
</glossentry>
|
|
|
|
<glossentry id="gloss-gimpprint">
|
|
<glossterm>Gimp-Print</glossterm>
|
|
<glossdef><para>Contrary to its name, Gimp-Print is no longer
|
|
just the plugin to be used for printing from the popular
|
|
Gimp program -- its codebase can also serve to be compiled
|
|
into...
|
|
<!--
|
|
</para>
|
|
<para>
|
|
-->
|
|
*...a set of PPDs and associated filters that integrate seamlessly
|
|
into &CUPS;, supporting around 130 different printer models, providing
|
|
photographic output quality in many cases;
|
|
<!--
|
|
</para>
|
|
<para>
|
|
-->
|
|
|
|
*...a Ghostscript filter that can be used with any other
|
|
program that needs a software-RIP;
|
|
<!--
|
|
</para>
|
|
<para>
|
|
-->
|
|
|
|
*...a library that can be used by other software applications
|
|
in need of rasterization functions.
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!--
|
|
after 4 hours fiddling, I
|
|
could not get those s!@*#?
|
|
<itemizedlist> to pass
|
|
through the meinproc checks.
|
|
For the time being I gave up
|
|
on it and handle it differently
|
|
now.
|
|
<itemizedlist>
|
|
<listitem>...a set of PPDs and associated filters that integrate seamlessly
|
|
into &CUPS;, supporting around 130 different printer models, providing
|
|
photografic output quality in many cases;</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>...a Ghostscript filter that can be used with any other
|
|
program that needs a software-RIP;</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>...a library that can be used by other software applications
|
|
in need of rasterization functions.</listitem>
|
|
</itemizedlist>
|
|
-->
|
|
</para>
|
|
<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-lexmark">Lexmark Drivers</glossseealso>
|
|
<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-rip">RIP</glossseealso>
|
|
<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-ghostscript">Ghostscript</glossseealso>
|
|
</glossdef>
|
|
</glossentry>
|
|
|
|
<glossentry id="gloss-hp">
|
|
<glossterm><acronym>&HP;</acronym></glossterm>
|
|
<glossdef><para>Abbreviation for <emphasis>H</emphasis>ewlett-<emphasis>Packard</emphasis>;
|
|
one of the first companies to distribute their own Linux printer
|
|
drivers. -- More recently, the Company has released their
|
|
"HPIJS" package of drivers, including source code and a Free license.
|
|
This is the first printer manufacturer to do so. HPIJS supports most
|
|
current models of HP Ink- and DeskJets.
|
|
</para>
|
|
</glossdef>
|
|
</glossentry>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<glossentry id="gloss-hpgl">
|
|
<glossterm><acronym>&HP;/GL</acronym></glossterm>
|
|
<glossdef><para>Abbreviation for <emphasis>&HP;</emphasis>
|
|
<emphasis>G</emphasis>raphical <emphasis>L</emphasis>anguage;
|
|
a &HP; printer language mainly used for plotters; many CAD
|
|
(Computer Aided Design) software programs output &HP;/GL files for
|
|
printing.</para>
|
|
<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-escp">ESC/P</glossseealso>
|
|
<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-pcl">PCL</glossseealso>
|
|
<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-postscript">&PostScript;</glossseealso>
|
|
</glossdef>
|
|
</glossentry>
|
|
|
|
<glossentry id="gloss-hpjetdirectprotocol">
|
|
<glossterm>&HP; JetDirect Protocol</glossterm>
|
|
<glossdef><para>A term branded by &HP; to describe their implementation
|
|
of print data transfer to the printer via an otherwise "AppSocket" or
|
|
"Direct TCP/IP Printing" named protocol.</para>
|
|
<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-appsocketprotocol">AppSocket Protocol</glossseealso>
|
|
<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-directtcpipprinting">Direct TCP/IP Printing</glossseealso>
|
|
</glossdef>
|
|
</glossentry>
|
|
|
|
<glossentry id="gloss-ietf">
|
|
<glossterm><acronym>IETF</acronym></glossterm>
|
|
<glossdef><para>Abbreviation for <emphasis>I</emphasis>nternet
|
|
<emphasis>E</emphasis>ngineering <emphasis>T</emphasis>ask
|
|
<emphasis>F</emphasis>orce; an assembly of Internet, software
|
|
and hardware experts that discuss
|
|
new networking technologies and very often arrive at
|
|
conclusions that are regarded by many as standards. "TCP/IP"
|
|
is the most famous example.
|
|
<!--
|
|
</para>
|
|
<para>
|
|
-->
|
|
|
|
IETF standards, as well as
|
|
drafts, discussions, ideas and useful tutorials, are
|
|
put in writing in the famous series of "RFCs", which
|
|
are available to the public and included in most Linux and
|
|
BSD distributions.</para>
|
|
<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-ipp">IPP</glossseealso>
|
|
<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-pwg">PWG</glossseealso>
|
|
<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-rfc">RFC</glossseealso>
|
|
</glossdef>
|
|
</glossentry>
|
|
|
|
<glossentry id="gloss-ipp">
|
|
<glossterm><acronym>IPP</acronym></glossterm>
|
|
<glossdef><para>Abbreviation for <emphasis>I</emphasis>nternet
|
|
<emphasis>P</emphasis>rinting <emphasis>P</emphasis>rotocol;
|
|
defined in a series of RFCs accepted by the IETF with
|
|
status "proposed standard"; was designed
|
|
by the PWG. -- IPP is a completely new design for network printing,
|
|
but it utilizes a very well-known and proven method for the
|
|
actual data transfer: HTTP 1.1! By not "re-inventing the wheel",
|
|
and basing itself on an existing and robust Internet standard,
|
|
IPP is able to relatively easily bolt other HTTP-compatible standard
|
|
mechanisms into its framework:
|
|
<!--
|
|
</para>
|
|
<para>
|
|
-->
|
|
* Basic, Digest or Certificate authentication
|
|
mechanisms;
|
|
<!--
|
|
</para>
|
|
<para>
|
|
-->
|
|
* SSL or TLS for encryption of transferred
|
|
data;
|
|
<!--
|
|
</para>
|
|
<para>
|
|
-->
|
|
* LDAP for directory services (to publish
|
|
data on printers, device-options, drivers, costs or
|
|
also to the network; or to check for passwords while
|
|
performing authentication).
|
|
<!--
|
|
</para>
|
|
<para>
|
|
-->
|
|
|
|
<!--
|
|
</para>
|
|
<itemizedlist>
|
|
<listitem>Basic, Digest or Certificate authentication
|
|
mechanisms</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>SSL or TLS for encryption of transferred
|
|
data</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>LDAP for directory services (to publish
|
|
data on printers, device-options, drivers, costs or
|
|
elso to the network; or to check for passwords while
|
|
conducting authentication)</listitem>
|
|
</itemizedlist>
|
|
-->
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-cups">&CUPS;</glossseealso>
|
|
<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-pwg">PWG</glossseealso>
|
|
<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-ietf">IETF</glossseealso>
|
|
<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-rfc">RFC</glossseealso>
|
|
<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-tls">TLS</glossseealso>
|
|
</glossdef>
|
|
</glossentry>
|
|
|
|
<glossentry id="gloss-kdeprint">
|
|
<glossterm><acronym>KDEPrint</acronym></glossterm>
|
|
<glossdef><para>The new printing functionality of &kde; since version 2.2
|
|
consists of several modules that translate the features and settings
|
|
of different available print subsystems (&CUPS;, BSD-style LPR/LPD, RLPR...)
|
|
into nice &kde; desktop &GUI; windows and dialogs to ease their
|
|
usage.
|
|
<!--
|
|
</para>
|
|
<para>
|
|
-->
|
|
Most important for day-to-day usage is "kprinter", the new
|
|
&GUI; print command. -- Note: KDEPrint does <emphasis>not</emphasis> implement its own
|
|
spooling mechanism or its own &PostScript; processing; for this it
|
|
relies on the selected <emphasis>print subsystem</emphasis>
|
|
-- however it does add some functionality of its own on top of this
|
|
foundation...
|
|
</para>
|
|
<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-bsdstyleprinting">BSD-style printing</glossseealso>
|
|
<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-cups">&CUPS;</glossseealso>
|
|
<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-kprinter">kprinter</glossseealso>
|
|
<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-kdeprinthandbook">KDEPrint Handbook</glossseealso>
|
|
</glossdef>
|
|
</glossentry>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<glossentry id="gloss-kdeprinthandbook">
|
|
<glossterm><acronym>KDEPrint Handbook...</acronym></glossterm>
|
|
<glossdef><para>...is the name of the reference document that describes KDEPrint
|
|
functions to users and administrators. You can load it into Konqueror by
|
|
typing "help:/kdeprint" into the address field. The <ulink
|
|
url="http://printing.kde.org/">KDEPrint website</ulink>
|
|
is the resource for updates to this documentation, as well as PDF
|
|
versions suitable for printing it. It is authored and maintained by Kurt
|
|
Pfeifle.
|
|
</para>
|
|
<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-cupsfaq">&CUPS;-FAQ</glossseealso>
|
|
</glossdef>
|
|
</glossentry>
|
|
|
|
<glossentry id="gloss-kprinter">
|
|
<glossterm>kprinter</glossterm>
|
|
<glossdef><para><emphasis>kprinter</emphasis> is the new powerful
|
|
print utility that is natively used by all &kde; applications.
|
|
<!--
|
|
</para>
|
|
<para>
|
|
-->
|
|
Contrary to some common misconceptions,
|
|
<emphasis>kprinter</emphasis> is <emphasis>not</emphasis> a &CUPS;-only tool,
|
|
but supports different print subsystems. You can even switch
|
|
to a different print subsystem "on the fly", in between two jobs,
|
|
without re-configuration. Of course, due to the powerful
|
|
features of &CUPS;, <emphasis>kprinter</emphasis> is
|
|
best suited for use with a &CUPS; frontend.
|
|
<!--
|
|
</para>
|
|
<para>
|
|
-->
|
|
<emphasis>kprinter</emphasis> is the successor
|
|
to "qtcups", which is no longer being actively maintained. It has
|
|
inherited all the best features of qtcups and added several new ones.
|
|
<!--
|
|
</para>
|
|
<para>
|
|
-->
|
|
|
|
MOST IMPORTANT: you can use <emphasis>kprinter</emphasis>
|
|
with all its features in all non-&kde; applications that allow
|
|
a customized print command, like gv, Acrobat Reader, Netscape,
|
|
Mozilla, Galeon, StarOffice, OpenOffice and all GNOME programs.
|
|
<!--
|
|
</para>
|
|
<para>
|
|
-->
|
|
<emphasis>kprinter</emphasis> can act as a "standalone"
|
|
utility, started from an X-Terminal or a "Mini-CLI" to
|
|
print many different files, from different folders, with different
|
|
formats, in one job and simultaneously, without the need to first open the
|
|
files in the applications! (File formats supported this way are &PostScript;,
|
|
PDF, International and ASCII Text, as well as many different popular graphic
|
|
formats, such as PNG, TIFF, JPEG, PNM, Sun RASTER, &etc;)
|
|
</para>
|
|
<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-qtcups">QtCUPS</glossseealso>
|
|
</glossdef>
|
|
</glossentry>
|
|
|
|
<glossentry id="gloss-lexmark">
|
|
<glossterm><acronym>Lexmark</acronym></glossterm>
|
|
<glossdef><para>was one of the first companies to distribute their own Linux printer
|
|
drivers for some of their models. However, those drivers are binary only
|
|
(no source code available), and therefore cannot be used to integrate into
|
|
other Free printing software projects.
|
|
</para>
|
|
</glossdef>
|
|
</glossentry>
|
|
|
|
<glossentry id="gloss-linuxprintingorg">
|
|
<glossterm>Linuxprinting.org</glossterm>
|
|
<glossdef><para>Linuxprinting.org = not just for Linux; all &UNIX;-like OS-es,
|
|
like *BSD and commercial Unices may find useful printing
|
|
information on this site. This web site is the home for the interesting
|
|
Foomatic project, that strives to develop the "Meta Print Spool and Driver
|
|
Configuration Toolset" (being able to configure, through one common
|
|
interface, different print subsystems and their required drivers) with the
|
|
ability to transfer all queues, printers and configuration files seamlessly
|
|
to another spooler without new configuration effort. -- Also, they maintain
|
|
the Printing Database; a collection of driver and device information that
|
|
enables everybody to find the most current information about printer models,
|
|
and also generate online the configuration files for any
|
|
spooler/driver/device combo known to work with one of the common Linux or
|
|
&UNIX; print subsystems.
|
|
</para>
|
|
<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-linuxprintingdatabase">Linuxprinting database</glossseealso>
|
|
</glossdef>
|
|
</glossentry>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<glossentry id="gloss-linuxprintingdatabase">
|
|
<glossterm><acronym>Linuxprinting.org Database</acronym></glossterm>
|
|
<glossdef><para>....Database containing printers and drivers that are suitable
|
|
for them... ...a lot of information and documentation to be found... ...it
|
|
is now also providing some tools and utilities for easing the integration
|
|
of those drivers into a given system... ...the "Foomatic" family
|
|
of utilities; being the toolset to make use of the database
|
|
for most of the commonly used print subsystems, for generating "on the fly"
|
|
working configurations for your printer model.
|
|
</para>
|
|
<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-foomatic">Foomatic</glossseealso>
|
|
</glossdef>
|
|
</glossentry>
|
|
|
|
<glossentry id="gloss-lprlpd">
|
|
<glossterm><acronym>LPR/LPD</acronym> printing</glossterm>
|
|
<glossdef><para>LPR == some people translate <emphasis>L</emphasis>ine
|
|
<emphasis>P</emphasis>rinting <emphasis>R</emphasis>equest, others:
|
|
<emphasis>L</emphasis>ine <emphasis>P</emphasis>rinter
|
|
<emphasis>R</emphasis>emote.</para>
|
|
<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-bsdstyleprinting">BSD-style printing</glossseealso>
|
|
</glossdef>
|
|
</glossentry>
|
|
|
|
<glossentry id="gloss-magicfilter">
|
|
<glossterm>Magicfilter</glossterm>
|
|
<glossdef><para>Similarly to the APSfilter program, Magicfilter
|
|
provides automatic file type recognition functions and, base
|
|
on that, automatic file conversion to a printable format,
|
|
depending on the target printer.</para>
|
|
<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-apsfilter">APSfilter</glossseealso>
|
|
</glossdef>
|
|
</glossentry>
|
|
|
|
<glossentry id="gloss-mimetypes">
|
|
<glossterm>&MIME;-Types</glossterm>
|
|
<glossdef><para>Abbreviation for <emphasis>M</emphasis>ultipurpose (or
|
|
Multimedia) <emphasis>I</emphasis>nternet <emphasis>M</emphasis>ail
|
|
<emphasis>E</emphasis>xtensions; &MIME;-Types were first used to allow
|
|
the transport of binary data (like mail attachments containing
|
|
graphics) over mail connections that were normally only transmitting
|
|
ASCII characters: the data had to be encoded into an ASCII representation.
|
|
<!--
|
|
</para>
|
|
<para>
|
|
-->
|
|
Later this concept was extended to describe a data format in
|
|
a platform independent, but at the same time non-ambiguous, way.
|
|
From &Windows; everybody knows the .doc extensions for &Microsoft; Word files.
|
|
This is handled ambiguously on the &Windows; platform: .doc extensions are also
|
|
used for simple text files or for Adobe Framemaker files. And if a real
|
|
Word file is renamed with a different extension, it can no longer be
|
|
opened by the program.
|
|
<!--
|
|
</para>
|
|
<para>
|
|
-->
|
|
&MIME; typed files carry a recognition string with them, describing
|
|
their file format based on <emphasis>main_category/sub_category</emphasis>.
|
|
Inside IPP, print files are also described using the &MIME; type scheme.
|
|
&MIME; types are registered with the IANA (Internet Assigning Numbers
|
|
<emphasis>Association</emphasis>) to keep them unambiguous.
|
|
<!--
|
|
</para>
|
|
<para>
|
|
-->
|
|
&CUPS; has some &MIME; types of its own registered, like
|
|
<emphasis>application/vnd.cups-raster</emphasis> (for the &CUPS;-internal
|
|
raster image format).
|
|
|
|
</para>
|
|
<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-cups">&CUPS;</glossseealso>
|
|
<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-easysoftwareproducts">Easy Software Products</glossseealso>
|
|
<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-espprintpro">ESP PrintPro</glossseealso>
|
|
<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-gimpprint">Gimp-Print</glossseealso>
|
|
</glossdef>
|
|
</glossentry>
|
|
|
|
<glossentry id="gloss-pcl">
|
|
<glossterm><acronym>PCL</acronym></glossterm>
|
|
<glossdef><para>Abbreviation for <emphasis>P</emphasis>rinter
|
|
<emphasis>C</emphasis>ontrol <emphasis>L</emphasis>anguage;
|
|
developed by &HP;. PCL started off in version 1 as a simple
|
|
command set for ASCII printing; now,
|
|
in its versions PCL6 and PCL-X, it is capable of printing graphics
|
|
and color -- but outside the &Microsoft; &Windows; realm and &HP-UX;
|
|
(&HP;'s own brand of &UNIX;), it is not commonly used...</para>
|
|
<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-escp">ESC/P</glossseealso>
|
|
<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-hpgl">&HP;/GL</glossseealso>
|
|
<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-pdl">PDL</glossseealso>
|
|
<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-postscript">&PostScript;</glossseealso>
|
|
</glossdef>
|
|
</glossentry>
|
|
|
|
<glossentry id="gloss-pdl">
|
|
<glossterm><acronym>PDL</acronym></glossterm>
|
|
<glossdef><para>Abbreviation for <emphasis>P</emphasis>age
|
|
<emphasis>D</emphasis>escription <emphasis>L</emphasis>anguage;
|
|
PDLs describe, in an abstract way, the graphical representation
|
|
of a page. - Before it is actually transferred into
|
|
toner or ink laid down on to paper, a PDL needs to be
|
|
"interpreted" first. In &UNIX;, the most important PDL
|
|
is &PostScript;.
|
|
</para>
|
|
<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-escp">ESC/P</glossseealso>
|
|
<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-hpgl">&HP;/GL</glossseealso>
|
|
<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-pcl">PCL</glossseealso>
|
|
<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-postscript">&PostScript;</glossseealso>
|
|
</glossdef>
|
|
</glossentry>
|
|
|
|
<glossentry id="gloss-pixel">
|
|
<glossterm>Pixel</glossterm>
|
|
<glossdef><para>Abbreviation for <emphasis>Pic</emphasis>ture
|
|
<emphasis>El</emphasis>ement; this term describes the smallest
|
|
part of a raster picture (either as printed on paper
|
|
or as displayed on a monitor by cathode rays or LCD elements). As
|
|
any graphical or image representation on those types of output
|
|
devices is composed of pixels, the values of "ppi" (pixel per inch)
|
|
and &dpi; (dots per inch) are one important parameter for the
|
|
overall quality and resolution of an image.</para>
|
|
<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-filter">Filter</glossseealso>
|
|
<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-ghostscript">Ghostscript</glossseealso>
|
|
<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-postscript">&PostScript;</glossseealso>
|
|
<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-raster">Raster</glossseealso>
|
|
</glossdef>
|
|
</glossentry>
|
|
|
|
<glossentry id="gloss-pjl">
|
|
<glossterm><acronym>PJL</acronym></glossterm>
|
|
<glossdef><para>Abbreviation for <emphasis>P</emphasis>rint
|
|
<emphasis>J</emphasis>ob <emphasis>L</emphasis>anguage;
|
|
developed by &HP; to control and influence default and per-job
|
|
settings of a printer. It may not only be used
|
|
for &HP;'s own (PCL-)printers; also many &PostScript;
|
|
and other printers understand PJL commands sent to them
|
|
inside a print job, or in a separate signal.</para>
|
|
<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-pcl">PCL</glossseealso>
|
|
</glossdef>
|
|
</glossentry>
|
|
|
|
<glossentry id="gloss-postscript">
|
|
<glossterm>&PostScript;</glossterm>
|
|
<glossdef><para>&PostScript; (often shortened to "PS") is the de-facto
|
|
standard in the &UNIX; world for printing files. It was
|
|
developed by Adobe and licensed to printer manufacturers
|
|
and software companies.
|
|
<!--
|
|
</para>
|
|
<para>
|
|
-->
|
|
As the &PostScript; specifications were
|
|
published by Adobe, there are also "Third Party" implementations
|
|
of &PostScript; generating and &PostScript; interpreting software
|
|
available (one of the best-known in the Free software world
|
|
being Ghostscript, a powerful PS-interpreter).
|
|
</para>
|
|
<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-escp">ESC/P</glossseealso>
|
|
<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-hpgl">&HP;/GL</glossseealso>
|
|
<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-pcl">PCL</glossseealso>
|
|
<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-ppd">PPD</glossseealso>
|
|
</glossdef>
|
|
</glossentry>
|
|
|
|
<glossentry id="gloss-ppd">
|
|
<glossterm><acronym>PPD</acronym></glossterm>
|
|
<glossdef><para>Abbreviation for <emphasis>P</emphasis>ostScript
|
|
<emphasis>P</emphasis>rinter <emphasis>D</emphasis>escription;
|
|
PPDs are ASCII files storing all information about the special
|
|
capabilities of a printer, plus definitions of the (PostScript-
|
|
or PJL-) commands to call on a certain capability (like print
|
|
duplexing).
|
|
<!--
|
|
</para>
|
|
<para>
|
|
-->
|
|
|
|
As the explanation of the acronym reveals, PPDs were originally
|
|
only used for &PostScript; printers. &CUPS; has extended the
|
|
PPD concept to all types of printers.
|
|
<!--
|
|
</para>
|
|
<para>
|
|
-->
|
|
|
|
PPDs for &PostScript; printers are provided by the printer
|
|
vendors. They can be used with &CUPS; and KDEPrint to have access
|
|
to the full features of any &PostScript; printer. The KDEPrint Team
|
|
recommends using a PPD originally intended for use with
|
|
&Microsoft; Windows NT.
|
|
<!--
|
|
</para>
|
|
<para>
|
|
-->
|
|
|
|
PPDs for non-PostScript printers <emphasis>need</emphasis> a
|
|
companion "filter" to process the &PostScript; print files into
|
|
a format digestible for the non-PostScript target device. Those
|
|
PPD/filter combos are not (yet) available from the vendors. After
|
|
the initiative by the &CUPS; developers to utilize PPDs, the Free
|
|
Software community was creative enough to quickly come up with
|
|
support for most of the currently used printer models, through
|
|
PPDs and classical Ghostscript filters. But note: the printout
|
|
quality varies from "hi-quality photographic output" (using
|
|
Gimp-Print with most Epson inkjets) to "hardly readable" (using
|
|
Foomatic-enabled Ghostscript filters for models rated as
|
|
"paperweight" in the Linuxprinting.org database).
|
|
</para>
|
|
<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-cups">&CUPS;</glossseealso>
|
|
<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-linuxprintingorg">Linuxprinting.org</glossseealso>
|
|
<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-postscript">&PostScript;</glossseealso>
|
|
</glossdef>
|
|
</glossentry>
|
|
|
|
<glossentry id="gloss-PPD-O-Matic">
|
|
<glossterm>PPD-O-Matic</glossterm>
|
|
<glossdef><para>PPD-O-Matic is a set of Perl scripts that run on the Linuxprinting.org
|
|
web server and can be used online to generate PPDs for any printer that is known
|
|
to print with Ghostscript.
|
|
<!--
|
|
</para>
|
|
<para>
|
|
-->
|
|
|
|
These PPDs can be hooked up to &CUPS;/KDEPrint, as well as
|
|
used inside PPD-aware applications like StarOffice to determine all different
|
|
parameters of your printjobs. It is now recommended, in most cases, to
|
|
use "PPD-O-Matic" instead of the older &CUPS;-O-Matic.
|
|
<!--
|
|
</para>
|
|
<para>
|
|
-->
|
|
|
|
To generate a PPD, go to the <ulink
|
|
url="http://www.linuxprinting.org/printer_list.cgi">printer
|
|
database</ulink>, select your printer model, follow
|
|
the link to show the available Ghostscript filters for that printer, select
|
|
one, click "generate" and finally save the file to your local system.
|
|
Be sure to read the instructions. Make sure that your local system
|
|
does indeed have Ghostscript and the filter, which you chose
|
|
before generating the PPD, installed.
|
|
</para>
|
|
<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-postscript">&PostScript;</glossseealso>
|
|
<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-cups-o-matic">&CUPS;-O-Matic</glossseealso>
|
|
<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-linuxprintingorg">Linuxprinting.org</glossseealso>
|
|
<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-foomatic">Foomatic</glossseealso>
|
|
</glossdef>
|
|
</glossentry>
|
|
|
|
<glossentry id="gloss-printcap">
|
|
<glossterm>printcap</glossterm>
|
|
<glossdef><para>In BSD-style print systems, the "printcap" file holds
|
|
the configuration information; the printing daemon reads this file
|
|
to determine which printers are available, what filters are to be
|
|
user for each, where the spooling folder is located,
|
|
if there are banner pages to be used, and so on...
|
|
Some applications also depend on read access to the printcap
|
|
file, to obtain the names of available printers. </para>
|
|
<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-bsdstyleprinting">BSD-style printing</glossseealso>
|
|
</glossdef>
|
|
</glossentry>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<glossentry id="gloss-printermib">
|
|
<glossterm>Printer-<acronym>MIB</acronym></glossterm>
|
|
<glossdef><para>Abbreviation for
|
|
<emphasis>Printer</emphasis>-<emphasis>M</emphasis>anagement
|
|
<emphasis>I</emphasis>nformation <emphasis>B</emphasis>ase; the
|
|
Printer-MIB defines a set of parameters that are to be
|
|
stored inside the printer for access
|
|
through the network. This is useful if many (in some cases, literally
|
|
thousands) network printers are managed centrally
|
|
with the help of SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol).</para>
|
|
<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-pwg">PWG</glossseealso>
|
|
<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-snmp">SNMP</glossseealso>
|
|
</glossdef>
|
|
</glossentry>
|
|
|
|
<glossentry id="gloss-pwg">
|
|
<glossterm><acronym>PWG</acronym></glossterm>
|
|
<glossdef><para>Abbreviation for
|
|
<emphasis>P</emphasis>rinter <emphasis>W</emphasis>orking
|
|
<emphasis>G</emphasis>roup; the PWG is a loose grouping of
|
|
representatives of the printer industry that has, in the past
|
|
years, developed different standards
|
|
in relation to network printing. These were later accepted by the
|
|
IETF as RFC standards, like the "Printer-MIB" and the IPP.</para>
|
|
<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-postscript">&PostScript;</glossseealso>
|
|
<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-ipp">IPP</glossseealso>
|
|
<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-printermib">Printer-MIB</glossseealso>
|
|
<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-snmp">SNMP</glossseealso>
|
|
</glossdef>
|
|
</glossentry>
|
|
|
|
<glossentry id="gloss-printkioslave">
|
|
<glossterm>print:/ KIO Slave</glossterm>
|
|
<glossdef><para>You can use a syntax of "print:/..." to get quick access
|
|
to KDEPrint resources. Typing "print:/manager" as a Konqueror URL
|
|
address gives administrative access to KDEPrint. Konqueror uses &kde;'s
|
|
famous "KParts" technology to achieve that. </para>
|
|
<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-ioslave">IO Slave</glossseealso>
|
|
<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-kparts">KParts</glossseealso>
|
|
</glossdef>
|
|
</glossentry>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<glossentry id="gloss-printerdatabase">
|
|
<glossterm>Printer Database</glossterm>
|
|
<glossdef><para>.</para>
|
|
<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-linuxprintingdatabase">Linuxprinting Database</glossseealso>
|
|
</glossdef>
|
|
</glossentry>
|
|
|
|
<glossentry id="gloss-qtcups">
|
|
<glossterm><acronym>Qt&CUPS;</acronym></glossterm>
|
|
<glossdef><para>Qt&CUPS; and KUPS were the predecessors of KDEPrint; they are now
|
|
deprecated and no longer maintained. What was good in qtcups is all inherited
|
|
by "kprinter", the new KDE print dialog (which is much improved over qtcups);
|
|
what you liked about kups is now all in the KDEPrint Manager (accessible
|
|
via the KDE Control Center or via the URL "print:/manager" from Konqueror) --
|
|
with more functionality and less bugs... Its former developer, Michael Goffioul, is now
|
|
the developer of KDEPrint -- a very nice and productive guy and quick bug fixer...
|
|
</para>
|
|
<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-kprinter">kprinter</glossseealso>
|
|
</glossdef>
|
|
</glossentry>
|
|
|
|
<glossentry id="gloss-raster">
|
|
<glossterm>Raster Image</glossterm>
|
|
<glossdef><para>Every picture on a physical medium
|
|
is composed of a pattern of discrete dots in different colors and (maybe)
|
|
sizes. This is called a "raster image".
|
|
<!--
|
|
</para>
|
|
<para>
|
|
-->
|
|
|
|
This is as opposed to a "vector image"
|
|
where the graphic is described in terms of continuous curves, shades,
|
|
forms and filled areas, represented by mathematical formula. Vector images
|
|
normally have a smaller file size and may be scaled in size
|
|
without any loss of information and quality --- but they cannot be
|
|
output directly, but always have to be "rendered" or "rasterized"
|
|
first to the given resolution that the output device is capable of...
|
|
<!--
|
|
</para>
|
|
<para>
|
|
-->
|
|
|
|
|
|
The rasterization is done by a Raster Image Processor (RIP,
|
|
often the Ghostscript software) or some other filtering
|
|
instance.</para>
|
|
<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-pixel">Pixel</glossseealso>
|
|
<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-ghostscript">Ghostscript</glossseealso>
|
|
<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-postscript">&PostScript;</glossseealso>
|
|
<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-filter">Filter</glossseealso>
|
|
<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-rip">RIP</glossseealso>
|
|
</glossdef>
|
|
</glossentry>
|
|
|
|
<glossentry id="gloss-rip">
|
|
<glossterm><acronym>RIP</acronym></glossterm>
|
|
<glossdef><para>Abbreviation for
|
|
<emphasis>R</emphasis>aster <emphasis>I</emphasis>mage
|
|
<emphasis>P</emphasis>rocess(or); if used in the context of
|
|
printing, "RIP" means a hardware or software
|
|
instance that converts &PostScript; (or other print formats
|
|
that are represented in one of the non-Raster PDLs) into a
|
|
raster image format in such a way that it is acceptable
|
|
for the "marking engine" of the printer.
|
|
<!--
|
|
</para>
|
|
<para>
|
|
-->
|
|
|
|
&PostScript; printers
|
|
contain their own PostScript-RIPs. A RIP may or may not be located
|
|
inside a printer.
|
|
<!--
|
|
</para>
|
|
<para>
|
|
-->
|
|
|
|
For many &UNIX; systems, Ghostscript is the package that provides
|
|
a "RIP in software", running on the host computer, and pre-digesting
|
|
the &PostScript; or other data to become ready to be sent to the
|
|
printing device (hence you may perceive a "grain of truth" in the
|
|
slogan "Ghostscript turns your printer into a &PostScript;
|
|
machine", which of course is not correct in the true sense of the
|
|
meaning).</para>
|
|
<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-filter">Filter</glossseealso>
|
|
<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-ghostscript">Ghostscript</glossseealso>
|
|
<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-postscript">&PostScript;</glossseealso>
|
|
<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-pdl">PDL</glossseealso>
|
|
<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-raster">Raster</glossseealso>
|
|
</glossdef>
|
|
</glossentry>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<glossentry id="gloss-rlpr">
|
|
<glossterm><acronym>RLPR</acronym> (Remote LPR)</glossterm>
|
|
<glossdef><para>Abbreviation for <emphasis>R</emphasis>emote
|
|
<emphasis>L</emphasis>ine <emphasis>P</emphasis>rinting
|
|
<emphasis>R</emphasis>equest; this is a BSD-style printing system,
|
|
that needs no root privileges to be installed, and no "printcap" to
|
|
work: all parameters may be specified on the command
|
|
line.
|
|
<!--
|
|
</para>
|
|
<para>
|
|
-->
|
|
|
|
RLPR comes in handy for many laptop users who are
|
|
working in frequently changing environments. This is because it
|
|
may be installed concurrently with every other printing
|
|
sub system, and allows a very flexible and quick
|
|
way to install a printer for direct access via LPR/LPD.
|
|
<!--
|
|
</para>
|
|
<para>
|
|
-->
|
|
|
|
KDEPrint
|
|
has an "Add Printer Wizard" to make RLPR usage even easier.
|
|
The kprinter command allows switching to RLPR "on
|
|
the fly" at any time.</para>
|
|
<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-kdeprint">KDEPrint</glossseealso>
|
|
<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-kprinter">kprinter</glossseealso>
|
|
<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-printcap">printcap</glossseealso>
|
|
</glossdef>
|
|
</glossentry>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<glossentry id="gloss-snmp">
|
|
<glossterm><acronym>SNMP</acronym></glossterm>
|
|
<glossdef><para>Abbreviation for <emphasis>S</emphasis>imple
|
|
<emphasis>N</emphasis>etwork <emphasis>M</emphasis>anagement
|
|
<emphasis>P</emphasis>rotocol; SNMP is widely used to control
|
|
all types of network node (Hosts, Routers, Switches, Gateways,
|
|
Printers...) remotely.</para>
|
|
<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-pwg">PWG</glossseealso>
|
|
<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-printermib">Printer-MIB</glossseealso>
|
|
</glossdef>
|
|
</glossentry>
|
|
|
|
<glossentry id="gloss-ssl">
|
|
<glossterm><acronym>SSL(3)</acronym> encryption</glossterm>
|
|
<glossdef><para>Abbreviation for <emphasis>S</emphasis>ecure
|
|
<emphasis>S</emphasis>ocket <emphasis>L</emphasis>ayer;
|
|
<acronym>SSL</acronym> is a proprietary encryption method for data
|
|
transfer over HTTP that was developed by Netscape. It is now being
|
|
replaced by an IETF standard named TLS.
|
|
</para>
|
|
<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-tls"><acronym>TLS</acronym></glossseealso>
|
|
</glossdef>
|
|
</glossentry>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<glossentry id="gloss-spooling">
|
|
<glossterm><acronym>SPOOL</acronym>ing</glossterm>
|
|
<glossdef><para>Abbreviation for <emphasis>S</emphasis>ynchronous
|
|
<emphasis>P</emphasis>eripheral <emphasis>O</emphasis>perations
|
|
<emphasis>O</emphasis>n<emphasis>L</emphasis>ine;
|
|
<acronym>SPOOL</acronym>ing enables printing applications
|
|
(and users) to continue their work
|
|
as the job is being taken care of by a system <acronym>daemon</acronym>,
|
|
which stores the file at a temporary location until the printer is ready
|
|
to print. </para>
|
|
<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-daemon"><acronym>Daemon</acronym></glossseealso>
|
|
</glossdef>
|
|
</glossentry>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<glossentry id="gloss-tls">
|
|
<glossterm><acronym>TLS</acronym> encryption</glossterm>
|
|
<glossdef><para>Abbreviation for <emphasis>T</emphasis>ransport
|
|
<emphasis>L</emphasis>ayer <emphasis>S</emphasis>ecurity;
|
|
<acronym>TLS</acronym> is an encryption standard for
|
|
data transfered over HTTP 1.1; it is defined in RFC 2246;
|
|
although based on the former SSL development
|
|
(from Netscape) it is not fully compatible with it.
|
|
</para>
|
|
<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-ssl"><acronym>SSL(3)</acronym></glossseealso>
|
|
</glossdef>
|
|
</glossentry>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<glossentry id="gloss-systemVstyleprinting">
|
|
<glossterm>System V-style printing</glossterm>
|
|
<glossdef><para>This is the second flavor of traditional &UNIX;
|
|
printing (as opposed to BSD-style printing). It uses
|
|
a different command set (lp, lpadmin,...) to BSD,
|
|
but is not fundamentally different from it. However, the
|
|
gap between the two is big enough to make the two
|
|
incompatible, so that a BSD-client cannot simply print
|
|
to a System V style print server without additional
|
|
tweaking... IPP is supposed to resolve this weakness
|
|
and more.
|
|
</para>
|
|
<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-bsdstyleprinting"><acronym>BSD-style printing</acronym></glossseealso>
|
|
<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-ipp"><acronym>IPP</acronym></glossseealso>
|
|
</glossdef>
|
|
</glossentry>
|
|
|
|
<glossentry id="gloss-turboprint">
|
|
<glossterm>TurboPrint</glossterm>
|
|
<glossdef><para>Shareware software providing photo quality printing for many
|
|
inkjet printers. It is useful if you are unable to find a driver for your
|
|
printer and may be hooked into either a traditional Ghostscript system
|
|
or a modern &CUPS; system.</para>
|
|
<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-gimpprint">Gimp-Print</glossseealso>
|
|
</glossdef>
|
|
</glossentry>
|
|
|
|
<glossentry id="gloss-xpp">
|
|
<glossterm><acronym>XPP</acronym></glossterm>
|
|
<glossdef><para>Abbreviation for <emphasis>X</emphasis>
|
|
<emphasis>P</emphasis>rinting <emphasis>P</emphasis>anel;
|
|
<acronym>XPP</acronym> was the first Free
|
|
graphical print command for &CUPS;, written by Till Kamppeter,
|
|
and in some ways a model for the "kprinter" utility in &kde;.</para>
|
|
</glossdef>
|
|
</glossentry>
|
|
<!--
|
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<glossentry id="gloss-1">
|
|
<glossterm>xxxx</glossterm>
|
|
<glossdef><para>.</para>
|
|
<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-1">xyz</glossseealso>
|
|
</glossdef>
|
|
</glossentry>
|
|
|
|
<glossentry id="gloss-3">
|
|
<glossterm>xxxx</glossterm>
|
|
<glossdef><para>.</para>
|
|
<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-1">xyz</glossseealso>
|
|
</glossdef>
|
|
</glossentry>
|
|
|
|
<glossentry id="gloss-4">
|
|
<glossterm>xxxx</glossterm>
|
|
<glossdef><para>.</para>
|
|
<glossseealso otherterm="gloss-1">xyz</glossseealso>
|
|
</glossdef>
|
|
</glossentry>
|
|
-->
|
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</glossdiv>
|
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|
|
|
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<!--
|
|
</glossary>
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-->
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