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727 lines
27 KiB
727 lines
27 KiB
<!-- <?xml version="1.0" ?>
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<!DOCTYPE chapter PUBLIC "-//KDE//DTD DocBook XML V4.2-Based Variant V1.1//EN"
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"dtd/kdex.dtd">
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-->
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<chapter id="install">
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<title>Installation instructions</title>
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<para>These are the generic installation instructions for the K
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Desktop Environment. Please complement your reading with the
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<filename>README</filename>s and <filename>INSTALL</filename>s that
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come along with the package. Please read them carefully and try to
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help yourself out if anything goes wrong. If you need further
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assistance, consider joining the &kde; mailing lists
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(see our web site instructions for joining the &kde;
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<ulink url="http://www.kde.org/mailinglists/">mailing
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lists</ulink>) or newsgroups.</para>
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<qandaset>
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<qandaentry>
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<question>
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<para>To the would-be converts</para>
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</question>
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<answer>
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<para>So you have heard the rumors. Or you have seen the screenshots.
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And you are dying to get hold of &kde;. But you know next to nothing
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about this whole <quote>alternative OS</quote> business. Don't worry!
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You only need to do some (well, maybe not some) reading, that's
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all!</para>
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<para>&kde; does not run on any version of &Microsoft; &Windows; or OS/2 (yet). To run
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&kde;, you need to have a &UNIX; system. Please refer to <xref
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linkend="platform"/> for more details.</para>
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<para>Decide on a platform and set it up for your system. This
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<acronym>FAQ</acronym> can not help you with this, since &kde;<ulink
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url="http://www.kde.org"> runs on many &UNIX;</ulink> platforms. </para>
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<!-- Taken out because we can not help with all platforms and KDEisnotLINUX -->
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<para>Finally, you are ready to commence the &kde; installation.
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Please start reading from the next section. To get &kde;, please
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refer to <xref linkend="where-to-get-kde"/>. Last but not least, if
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you encounter any problems while installing &kde;, please do not
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hesitate to make use of the &kde; <link
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linkend="mailing-lists">mailing lists</link> and <link
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linkend="newsgroups">newsgroups</link>. But do bear this in mind: no
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question is too silly to ask, but some are too silly to answer,
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especially when they are already answered in this <acronym>FAQ</acronym>.</para>
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<para>Good luck and have fun!</para>
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</answer>
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</qandaentry>
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<qandaentry>
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<question>
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<para>What kind of hardware do I need to run &kde; ?</para>
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</question>
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<answer>
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<para>To run &kde; it is recommended that you have at least a pentium II processor, 64MB of memory and 500MB of free disk space for a basic installation. While &kde; may run on slower configurations than this, performance can be severely impaired. Generally, if your computer runs an &X-Server; already with other desktop environments or window managers it's probably fast enough to run &kde;.</para>
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</answer>
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</qandaentry>
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<qandaentry>
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<question>
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<para>Available package formats</para>
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</question>
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<answer>
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<para>You can find several kinds of binary and source packages for
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different distributions and operating systems on the &kde-ftp;. The
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binary packages are not made by the &kde; Team, but by the
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distributors themselves, or some dedicated individuals. Please refer to
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<ulink url="http://dot.kde.org/986933826/">&kde; Package Policy
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Explained</ulink> for information about the &kde; Package Policy. The
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only <quote>official</quote> release is the source tar.bz2
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packages. Please refer to the <filename>README</filename>s and
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<filename>INSTALL</filename>s in the several binaries folders. For
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a list of the available packages for a release, refer to the relevant
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info page. For the latest release this is the <ulink
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url="http://www.kde.org/info/3.4.1.php">&kde; 3.4.1 Info
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Page</ulink>.</para>
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</answer>
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</qandaentry>
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<qandaentry>
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<question id="prerequisites">
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<para>Prerequisites</para>
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</question>
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<answer>
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<!-- rewrite to make it more general, pointing to the according webpages? -->
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<para>For &kde; 3.4.1, you need the &Qt; library version 3.3 or greater.
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Please make sure you download the correct &Qt;. You will
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also need the header files, if you want to compile &kde;
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yourself. They are all available, at no cost, from <ulink
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url="http://www.trolltech.com/products/download">http://www.trolltech.com/download</ulink>.
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In addition, there are optional libraries that might improve &kde; if
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installed on your system. An example is OpenSSL which will enable
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&konqueror; to browse web pages securely and is needed in a version
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>=0.9.6. These should be provided by your distributor; if not, ask
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for an update.</para>
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</answer>
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</qandaentry>
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<qandaentry>
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<question>
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<para>Description of the base packages</para>
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</question>
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<answer>
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<para>The base distribution currently consists of twenty
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packages. Some are required, while others are optional. Each package
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is available in each of the aforementioned package formats.</para>
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<variablelist>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>tdelibs</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Required</para>
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<para>This package contains shared libraries that are needed by all
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&kde; applications.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>tdebase</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Required</para>
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<para>This package contains the base applications that form the core
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of the K Desktop Environment like the window manager, the terminal
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emulator, the control center, the file manager, and the panel.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>&arts;</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Required</para>
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<para>The &arts; sound server. A powerful, network transparent sound
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server.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>tdeaddons</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Optional</para>
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<para>Various plugins for &kate;, &kicker;, &knewsticker;, &konqueror; and &noatun; </para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>tdeartwork</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Optional</para>
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<para>Additional wallpapers, themes, styles, sounds ...</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>tdebindings</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Optional</para>
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<para>Various bindings for other languages, including &Java;, Perl, Python, ...</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>tdegames</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Optional</para>
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<para>Various games like &kmahjongg;, &ksnake;, &kasteroids;, and
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&kpatience;.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>tdegraphics</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Optional</para>
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<para>Various graphics-related programs like &PostScript; previewer,
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&DVI; previewer, and a drawing program.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>tdeutils</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Optional</para>
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<para>Various desktop tools like a calculator, an editor and other
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nifty stuff.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>tdemultimedia</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Optional</para>
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<para>Multimedia applications like a &CD; player and a mixer.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>tdenetwork</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Optional</para>
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<para>Network applications. Currently contains the instant messaging client &kopete;, the
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download manager &kget;, and several other network-related programs.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>tdepim</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Optional</para>
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<para>Personal information management tools. Contains the email client &kmail;, the newsreader &knode; and other related programs.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>tdeadmin</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Optional</para>
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<para>System administration programs.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>tdeedu</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Optional</para>
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<para>
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Educational and entertaining applications for &kde;'s younger users.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>tdeaccessibility</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Optional</para>
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<para>
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KDE accessibility programs such as a screen magnifier and speech synthesizer front end.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>tdetoys</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Optional</para>
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<para>Toys!</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>tdevelop</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Optional</para>
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<para>A complete Integrated Development Environment for &kde; and Qt</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>tdewebdev</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Optional</para>
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<para>Web development applications. Contains such applications as &quanta;, an integrated web development environment and other applications useful in web development</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>tdesdk</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Optional</para>
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<para>KDE Software Development Kit. Contains a collection of applications and tools used by KDE Developers.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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</variablelist>
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<para>&arts; and then tdelibs should be installed before everything
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else, and tdeaddons last. The other packages can be installed in any
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arbitrary order.</para>
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<para>Most package management tools will let you put all these
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packages in one folder and install them all at once, figuring out
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the dependencies as they go.</para>
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</answer>
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</qandaentry>
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<qandaentry>
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<question>
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<para>Installation instructions for the different package
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formats</para>
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</question>
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<answer>
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<para><important>
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<para>Please do not forget to read the <filename>README</filename> and <filename>INSTALL</filename> files if they are available.</para>
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</important></para>
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<variablelist>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>Installation of the Debian packages</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>The Debian packages install in accordance with the upcoming <acronym>FHS</acronym> (File
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Hierarchy Standard).</para>
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<procedure>
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<step performance="required"><para>become superuser</para></step>
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<step performance="required"><para>run <command>dpkg <option>-i
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<replaceable>packagename.deb</replaceable></option></command> for
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every package you want to install.</para></step>
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</procedure>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>Installation of the <acronym>RPM</acronym> packages</term>
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<listitem>
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<procedure>
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<title>To install binary <acronym>RPM</acronym>s</title>
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<step performance="required"><para>become superuser</para></step>
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<step performance="required"><para>execute <command>rpm <option>-ivh
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<replaceable>packagename.rpm</replaceable></option></command></para></step>
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</procedure>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>Installation of the source <filename>.tar.bz2</filename> files</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Since there are always changes and updates to the way &kde; is compiled, please
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refer to <ulink url="http://developer.kde.org/build/index.html">Download and Install from Source</ulink> for the most up to date installation instructions for the source packages.
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</para>
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<para>The general approach should work in most cases though.
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</para>
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<para>The source <filename>.tar.bz2</filename> package installs into <filename
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class="directory">/usr/local/kde</filename> by default. You can
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override this setting by using the <option>--prefix</option> option of
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the <filename>configure</filename> script.</para>
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<procedure>
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<step performance="required"><para>unpack the packages with <command>tar <option>jxvf
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<replaceable>packagename.tar.bz2</replaceable></option></command></para></step>
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<step performance="required"><para>change folder to the package folder: <command>cd
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<replaceable>packagename</replaceable></command></para></step>
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<step performance="required"><para>configure the package: <command>./configure</command>
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<note><para>Some packages (notably tdebase) have special configuration
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options that might be applicable to your installation. Type
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<command>./configure <option>--help</option></command> to see the
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available options.</para></note></para></step>
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<step performance="required"><para>build the package: <command>make</command></para></step>
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<step performance="required"><para>install the package: <command>su <option>-c "make
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install"</option></command> (if you aren't already root). If you
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already are, just type <command>make
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<option>install</option></command>.</para></step>
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</procedure>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
|
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</variablelist>
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</answer>
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</qandaentry>
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<qandaentry>
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<question>
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<para>Post-installation procedures</para>
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</question>
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<answer>
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<para>First of all, please make sure that you have added &kde;'s binary
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installation folder (⪚ <filename
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class="directory">/usr/local/kde/bin</filename>) to your <envar>PATH</envar>
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and &kde;'s
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library installation folder to your <envar>LD_LIBRARY_PATH</envar> (only
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necessary on systems that do not support rpath; on &Linux; &ELF;, it
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should work without). This environment variable may be called
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differently on some systems, ⪚ it is called
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<envar>SHLIB_PATH</envar> on &IRIX;. Then set the environment variable
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<envar>KDEDIR</envar> to the base of your &kde; tree, ⪚ <filename
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class="directory">/usr/local/kde</filename>.
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<caution>
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<para>Please bear in mind that it is unwise to set
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<envar>LD_LIBRARY_PATH</envar> blindly. In the vast majority of cases it is
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unnecessary and can do more harm than good. There is a web page
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written by <ulink url="mailto:barr@cis.ohio-state.edu">Dave
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Barr</ulink> explaining the evils of <envar>LD_LIBRARY_PATH</envar> and it can be
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found at <ulink
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url="http://www.cis.ohio-state.edu/~barr/ldpath.html">http://www.cis.ohio-state.edu/~barr/ldpath.html</ulink>.</para>
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</caution>
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</para>
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<para>Even though you can use most of the &kde; applications simply by
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calling them, you can only benefit fully from &kde;'s advanced
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features if you use the &kde; window manager and its helper
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programs.</para>
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<para>In order to make it easy for you, we have provided a simple
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script called <filename>startkde</filename> which gets installed in <filename
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class="directory">$<envar>KDEDIR</envar>/bin</filename> and is therefore in your
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path.</para>
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<para>Edit the file <filename>.xinitrc</filename> in your home folder (make a backup
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copy first!), remove everything that looks like calling a window
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manager, and insert <command>startkde</command> instead. Restart the &X-Server;. If you use
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&kdm;/<application>xdm</application>, you will have to edit the file <filename>.xsession</filename> instead of
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<filename>.xinitrc</filename>. And if there is no <filename>.xinitrc</filename> or <filename>.xsession</filename> in your home
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folder, simply create a new one with just one line containing
|
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<command>startkde</command>.
|
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<note>
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<para>Some systems (notably &RedHat; &Linux;) use <filename>.Xclients</filename>
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instead.</para>
|
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</note></para>
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<para>This should present you with a new shining &kde; desktop. You
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can now start to explore the wonderful world of &kde;. In case you
|
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want to read some documentation first, there is a highly recommended
|
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<ulink
|
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url="http://www.kde.org/documentation/quickstart/index.html">Quick Start
|
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guide</ulink> available. Furthermore, every application has an online
|
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help that is available via the <guimenu>help</guimenu> menu.</para>
|
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</answer>
|
|
</qandaentry>
|
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|
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|
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<qandaentry>
|
|
<question>
|
|
<para>Should I remove old version xyz before installing a new
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one?</para>
|
|
</question>
|
|
<answer>
|
|
<para>In principle, this is not necessary. <acronym>RPM</acronym> and Debian packages
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should take care of all dependencies.</para>
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<para>If you compile the source code yourself, you should take more care.
|
|
Instructions for running two different versions of &kde; on the same system are
|
|
given at <ulink
|
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url="http://developer.kde.org/build/kde2-and-trinity.html">http://developer.kde.org/build/kde2-and-trinity.html</ulink>.
|
|
However, please note that running two different versions of &kde; from source
|
|
can lead to problems if you are not careful. </para>
|
|
</answer>
|
|
</qandaentry>
|
|
|
|
<qandaentry>
|
|
<question id="startkde">
|
|
<para>How do I start &kde;?</para>
|
|
</question>
|
|
<answer>
|
|
<para>The most comfortable method to start &kde; is to use the
|
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<filename>startkde</filename> script. Simply put the line
|
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<command>startkde</command> at the end of your <filename>.xsession</filename>
|
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file (or your <filename>.xinitrc</filename> or <filename>.Xclients</filename>
|
|
file if you are not using &kdm; or <application>xdm</application>). Please
|
|
also remove the lines that start your previous window manager. If there is no
|
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<filename>.xsession</filename>, <filename>.xinitrc</filename>, or
|
|
<filename>.Xclients</filename> in your home folder, simply create a new one
|
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that contains just one line: <command>startkde</command>.</para>
|
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</answer>
|
|
</qandaentry>
|
|
<!-- Still needed?
|
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<qandaentry>
|
|
<question>
|
|
<para>Whenever I start &kde;, it complains about "shadow passwords".
|
|
Why?</para>
|
|
</question>
|
|
<answer>
|
|
<para>When your system uses shadow passwords, the screensaver can only
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run properly if the suid bit is set. This bit gives the screensavers
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root privileges, which are needed to access the shadow passwords.
|
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<caution><para>The screensavers might be configured to secure the
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machine until the password is entered.</para></caution></para>
|
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<procedure>
|
|
<title>Setting the suid bit on the screensavers</title>
|
|
<step performance="required"><para>become root</para></step>
|
|
<step performance="required"><para><command>chown root
|
|
$<envar>KDEDIR</envar>/bin/*.kss</command></para></step>
|
|
<step performance="required"><para><command>chmod u+s
|
|
$<envar>KDEDIR</envar>/bin/*.kss</command></para></step>
|
|
</procedure>
|
|
<para>Alternatively, if you compile &kde; from source, you can use
|
|
<command>./configure <option>with-shadow</option></command> to
|
|
configure tdebase. Then the suid bit is set automatically during
|
|
<command>make install</command>.</para>
|
|
</answer>
|
|
</qandaentry>
|
|
-->
|
|
<qandaentry>
|
|
<question>
|
|
<para>Is it possible to install &kde; in my home directory?</para>
|
|
</question>
|
|
<answer>
|
|
<para>Yes, you can install &kde; in any folder you want. What you
|
|
have to do depends on the kind of packages you want to install:</para>
|
|
<procedure><title>Source packages</title>
|
|
<step performance="required"><para>Configure and install the package using <command>configure
|
|
<option>--prefix=<replaceable>/home/me</replaceable></option>;
|
|
make; make install</command> to install into <filename
|
|
class="directory">/home/me</filename>. Replace <replaceable>/home/me</replaceable> with your home directory, generally defined in <envar>$HOME</envar></para></step>
|
|
<step performance="required"><para>Add the following to your init files. Please note that if
|
|
it is not necessary for you to set <envar>LD_LIBRARY_PATH</envar>, it
|
|
is better to leave it out.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>For csh or tcsh:</para>
|
|
<programlisting>
|
|
setenv KDEDIR /home/me
|
|
|
|
if ( $?LD_LIBRARY_PATH ) then
|
|
setenv LD_LIBRARY_PATH $KDEDIR/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
|
|
else
|
|
setenv LD_LIBRARY_PATH $KDEDIR/lib
|
|
endif
|
|
|
|
if ( ! $?LIBRARY_PATH ) then
|
|
setenv LIBRARY_PATH $LD_LIBRARY_PATH
|
|
endif
|
|
</programlisting>
|
|
<para>For <application>bash</application>:</para>
|
|
<programlisting>
|
|
KDEDIR=/home/me
|
|
PATH=$KDEDIR/bin:$PATH
|
|
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$KDEDIR/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
|
|
LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
|
|
export KDEDIR PATH LD_LIBRARY_PATH LIBRARY_PATH
|
|
</programlisting></step>
|
|
</procedure>
|
|
<procedure><title><acronym>RPM</acronym> packages</title>
|
|
<step performance="required"><para><command>rpm</command> allows you to use the
|
|
<option>--prefix</option> option to select the folder you want to
|
|
install to. For example, executing <command>rpm <option>-i
|
|
--prefix=<replaceable>/home/me
|
|
package.rpm</replaceable></option></command> will install the package
|
|
to <filename
|
|
class="directory">/home/me</filename>.</para></step>
|
|
</procedure>
|
|
<para><note>
|
|
<para>Although &kde; will run from a user folder, there are some
|
|
problems with programs that require suid root, ⪚ the programs in
|
|
the tdeadmin package. But since they are not meant to be run by users
|
|
in the first place, this is nothing to worry about.</para>
|
|
<para>However, on systems using shadow passwords, the screensavers
|
|
have to be suid root to enable password access for unlocking the
|
|
screen, so this option will not work.</para>
|
|
</note></para>
|
|
</answer>
|
|
</qandaentry>
|
|
|
|
<qandaentry>
|
|
<question>
|
|
<para><command>startkde</command> fails with <errorname>can not connect to X
|
|
server</errorname>. What is wrong?</para>
|
|
</question>
|
|
<answer>
|
|
<para>You probably tried to start the X server with <command>startkde</command>. The X
|
|
server is started with <command>startx</command>.
|
|
<command>startkde</command> is the
|
|
script that should be run from your <filename>.xinitrc</filename>, <filename>.xsession</filename>, or
|
|
<filename>.Xclients</filename> to activate the window manager and the necessary server
|
|
daemons for &kde;. See also <xref linkend="startkde"/>.</para>
|
|
</answer>
|
|
</qandaentry>
|
|
|
|
<qandaentry>
|
|
<question>
|
|
<para>&kde; on &AIX;?</para>
|
|
</question>
|
|
<answer>
|
|
<para>
|
|
<!--
|
|
<para>If you have trouble building &kde; on
|
|
&AIX; check out Stefan Westerfeld's <ulink
|
|
url="http://space.twc.de/~stefan/kde/aix.html">Running &kde; on
|
|
Aix</ulink> page for lots of help on building &kde; on this
|
|
exceptional &UNIX; variant.</para>
|
|
-->
|
|
<acronym>IBM</acronym> now officially support &kde; on &AIX;. You can find
|
|
details at <ulink
|
|
url="http://www.ibm.com/servers/aix/products/aixos/linux/index.html">http://www.ibm.com/servers/aix/products/aixos/linux/index.html</ulink>.
|
|
There is also some older information at <ulink url="http://space.twc.de/~stefan/kde/aix.html">http://space.twc.de/~stefan/kde/aix.html</ulink>.</para>
|
|
</answer>
|
|
</qandaentry>
|
|
|
|
<qandaentry>
|
|
<question>
|
|
<para>&kde; on a laptop?</para>
|
|
</question>
|
|
<answer>
|
|
<para>If you can get &X-Window; to run on your laptop, you should not have any problem
|
|
getting &kde; to run on it. In addition, you might find the following
|
|
links helpful:</para>
|
|
<itemizedlist>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para><ulink url="http://www.linux-laptop.net/">http://www.linux-laptop.net/</ulink></para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para><ulink url="http://www.sanpei.org/Laptop-X/note-list.html">http://www.sanpei.org/Laptop-X/note-list.html</ulink></para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</itemizedlist>
|
|
</answer>
|
|
</qandaentry>
|
|
|
|
<qandaentry>
|
|
<question>
|
|
<para>I do not like the default &kde; folder after installation. How
|
|
do I move it without breaking anything?</para>
|
|
</question>
|
|
<answer>
|
|
<para>Assuming the default is <filename
|
|
class="directory">/opt/kde</filename> and you want to move it to
|
|
<filename class="directory">/usr/local/kde</filename>, here's what
|
|
you have to do:</para>
|
|
<procedure>
|
|
<step performance="required"><para>change to superuser if you aren't already</para></step>
|
|
<step performance="required"><para><command>mv /opt/kde /usr/local/kde</command></para></step>
|
|
<step performance="required"><para><command>ln -s /usr/local/kde
|
|
/opt/kde</command></para></step>
|
|
</procedure>
|
|
<para>This will put all your &kde; files in <filename
|
|
class="directory">/usr/local/kde</filename> but everything is
|
|
still accessible from <filename
|
|
class="directory">/opt/kde</filename>.</para>
|
|
</answer>
|
|
</qandaentry>
|
|
|
|
<qandaentry>
|
|
<question>
|
|
<para>What files can I delete from my &kde; install folder? Can all the
|
|
<filename>*.h</filename>, <filename>*.c</filename> and <filename>*.o</filename>
|
|
files be safely removed?</para>
|
|
</question>
|
|
<answer>
|
|
<para>There should not be any need to keep the <filename>.c</filename> and
|
|
<filename>.o</filename> files, but you might want to keep the
|
|
<filename>.h</filename> files, as they are used by includes if you ever want to
|
|
compile your own &kde; programs. But if you wish to add patches to the source
|
|
programs as they become available (rather than downloading everything again),
|
|
then they should stay.</para>
|
|
</answer>
|
|
</qandaentry>
|
|
|
|
<qandaentry>
|
|
<question>
|
|
<para>Will I lose my current settings when I upgrade &kde;?</para>
|
|
</question>
|
|
<answer>
|
|
|
|
<para>No. In most cases &kde; will be able to transport your settings
|
|
intact. You may need to reenter passwords in some applications (such
|
|
as &kmail; or &knode;) but most other settings will be safe.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>There were mixed reports of results between some previous
|
|
versions of &kde;. To be safe, you may like to back up your entire
|
|
&kde; configuration. </para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Settings are kept in the <filename
|
|
class="directory">$<envar>HOME</envar>/.kde</filename> or <filename
|
|
class="directory">$<envar>HOME</envar>/.kde2</filename> subfolder in your home
|
|
folder. Copy your
|
|
old <filename class="directory">.kde</filename>/<filename
|
|
class="directory">.kde2</filename> folder to a backup location,
|
|
install &kde; 3.2, and then copy back any necessary mail and news
|
|
settings. That said, most people can make a direct upgrade, without
|
|
removing the old <filename class="directory">.kde</filename> folder,
|
|
without a hitch.</para>
|
|
<para>You can override the use of <filename
|
|
class="directory">$<envar>HOME</envar>/.kde</filename> by setting the
|
|
$<envar>KDEHOME</envar> variable.</para>
|
|
</answer>
|
|
</qandaentry>
|
|
|
|
<qandaentry id="greyscreen">
|
|
<question>
|
|
<para>I upgraded &kde; and it seemed to go fine, but when I start it,
|
|
I get a blank gray screen, and nothing happens. There are errors in
|
|
the console about DCOPserver. What's going on?</para>
|
|
</question>
|
|
|
|
<answer>
|
|
<para>
|
|
&kde; uses several temporary files during its operation.
|
|
These are usually to be found in the following locations:</para>
|
|
<itemizedlist>
|
|
<listitem><para><filename>~/.DCOPserver-*</filename> (there are usually two of these; one is a symlink to the other)</para></listitem>
|
|
<listitem><para><filename>~/.kde/socket-<replaceable>hostname</replaceable></filename></para></listitem>
|
|
<listitem><para><filename>~/.kde/tmp-<replaceable>hostname</replaceable></filename> which is normally a symlink to the next file:</para></listitem>
|
|
<listitem><para><filename>/tmp/tmp-kde-<replaceable>USER</replaceable></filename></para></listitem>
|
|
<listitem><para><filename>~/.kde/socket-<replaceable>hostname</replaceable></filename> which is also normally a symlink to:</para></listitem>
|
|
<listitem><para><filename>/tmp/ksocket-<replaceable>USER</replaceable></filename></para></listitem>
|
|
</itemizedlist>
|
|
|
|
<para>If the symlinks get broken, usually because a
|
|
<command>cron</command> or shutdown script is emptying out the
|
|
<filename class="directory">/tmp</filename> folder, then strange
|
|
things will happen. These files, and the symlinks, will all be
|
|
created automatically at the start of &kde; so you can safely remove
|
|
them <emphasis>while &kde; is not running</emphasis>.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>If you are only getting a gray screen when you start &kde;, or if you get an error message telling you to <errorname>Check your installation</errorname>, then shut down X and delete all the files listed above, then try to restart X.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Normally (&ie; when not upgrading between &kde; versions) it's
|
|
quite safe to leave these files intact, and you may shave a few
|
|
seconds off your &kde; startup time by doing so.</para>
|
|
</answer>
|
|
</qandaentry>
|
|
|
|
<qandaentry>
|
|
<question>
|
|
<para>Compiling tdebase gives me a <errorname>bin/sh: msgfmt: command
|
|
not found</errorname> error!</para>
|
|
</question>
|
|
<answer>
|
|
<para>You need the &GNU; <application>msgfmt</application> which is
|
|
part of the &GNU; i18n package <application>gettext</application>.
|
|
You should be able to download it from any
|
|
&GNU; mirror.</para>
|
|
</answer>
|
|
</qandaentry>
|
|
|
|
<qandaentry>
|
|
<question>
|
|
<para>How do I uninstall &kde; applications compiled from
|
|
source?</para>
|
|
</question>
|
|
<answer>
|
|
<para>You can uninstall your programs by typing <command>make
|
|
uninstall</command> in the folder where you did <command>make
|
|
install</command>. If you have already deleted that folder,
|
|
then there is only one way, and it is not good: go to <filename
|
|
class="directory">$<envar>KDEDIR</envar>/bin</filename> and start deleting files
|
|
one by one.</para>
|
|
<para>If you expect to find yourself in this situation, you might want to
|
|
consider a program such as &GNU; <application>stow</application>, found at
|
|
<ulink url="http://www.gnu.org/software/stow/stow.html">http://www.gnu.org/software/stow/stow.html</ulink>.</para>
|
|
</answer>
|
|
</qandaentry>
|
|
|
|
<qandaentry>
|
|
<question id="gif">
|
|
<para>What is up with &GIF; support?</para>
|
|
</question>
|
|
<answer>
|
|
<para>This has to do with issues with Unisys' &LZW; patent. &GIF;
|
|
support is turned off from &Qt; 1.44 onwards by default. When you want to use
|
|
&GIF;s and have the relevant license, recompile &Qt; with &GIF; support.
|
|
<command>./configure <option>-gif</option></command>.</para>
|
|
</answer>
|
|
</qandaentry>
|
|
</qandaset>
|
|
</chapter>
|