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640 lines
23 KiB
640 lines
23 KiB
//C- -*- C++ -*-
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//C- -------------------------------------------------------------------
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//C- DjVuLibre-3.5
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//C- Copyright (c) 2002 Leon Bottou and Yann Le Cun.
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//C- Copyright (c) 2001 AT&T
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//C-
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//C- This software is subject to, and may be distributed under, the
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//C- GNU General Public License, Version 2. The license should have
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//C- accompanied the software or you may obtain a copy of the license
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//C- from the Free Software Foundation at http://www.fsf.org .
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//C-
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//C- This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
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//C- but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
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//C- MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
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//C- GNU General Public License for more details.
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//C-
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//C- DjVuLibre-3.5 is derived from the DjVu(r) Reference Library
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//C- distributed by Lizardtech Software. On July 19th 2002, Lizardtech
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//C- Software authorized us to replace the original DjVu(r) Reference
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//C- Library notice by the following text (see doc/lizard2002.djvu):
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//C-
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//C- ------------------------------------------------------------------
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//C- | DjVu (r) Reference Library (v. 3.5)
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//C- | Copyright (c) 1999-2001 LizardTech, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
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//C- | The DjVu Reference Library is protected by U.S. Pat. No.
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//C- | 6,058,214 and patents pending.
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//C- |
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//C- | This software is subject to, and may be distributed under, the
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//C- | GNU General Public License, Version 2. The license should have
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//C- | accompanied the software or you may obtain a copy of the license
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//C- | from the Free Software Foundation at http://www.fsf.org .
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//C- |
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//C- | The computer code originally released by LizardTech under this
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//C- | license and unmodified by other parties is deemed "the LIZARDTECH
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//C- | ORIGINAL CODE." Subject to any third party intellectual property
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//C- | claims, LizardTech grants recipient a worldwide, royalty-free,
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//C- | non-exclusive license to make, use, sell, or otherwise dispose of
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//C- | the LIZARDTECH ORIGINAL CODE or of programs derived from the
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//C- | LIZARDTECH ORIGINAL CODE in compliance with the terms of the GNU
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//C- | General Public License. This grant only confers the right to
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//C- | infringe patent claims underlying the LIZARDTECH ORIGINAL CODE to
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//C- | the extent such infringement is reasonably necessary to enable
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//C- | recipient to make, have made, practice, sell, or otherwise dispose
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//C- | of the LIZARDTECH ORIGINAL CODE (or portions thereof) and not to
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//C- | any greater extent that may be necessary to utilize further
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//C- | modifications or combinations.
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//C- |
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//C- | The LIZARDTECH ORIGINAL CODE is provided "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY
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//C- | OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED
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//C- | TO ANY WARRANTY OF NON-INFRINGEMENT, OR ANY IMPLIED WARRANTY OF
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//C- | MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
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//C- +------------------------------------------------------------------
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//
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// $Id: GThreads.h,v 1.10 2003/11/07 22:08:21 leonb Exp $
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// $Name: release_3_5_15 $
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#ifndef _GTHREADS_H_
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#define _GTHREADS_H_
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#ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H
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#include "config.h"
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#endif
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#if NEED_GNUG_PRAGMAS
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# pragma interface
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#endif
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/** @name GThreads.h
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Files #"GThreads.h"# and #"GThreads.cpp"# implement common entry points
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for multithreading on multiple platforms. Each execution thread is
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represented by an instance of class \Ref{GThread}. Synchronization is
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provided by class \Ref{GMonitor} which implements a monitor (C.A.R Hoare,
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Communications of the ACM, 17(10), 1974).
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The value of compiler symbol #THREADMODEL# selects an appropriate
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implementation for these classes. The current implementation supports
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the following values:
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\begin{description}
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\item[-DTHREADMODEL=NOTHREADS] Dummy implementation. This is a
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good choice when the multithreading features are not required,
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because it minimizes the portability problems. This is currently
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the default when compiling under Unix.
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\item[-DTHREADMODEL=WINTHREADS] Windows implementation.
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This is the default when compiling under Windows.
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\item[-DTHREADMODEL=MACTHREADS] Macintosh implementation,
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which is based on the MacOS cooperative model. The current
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implementation does not yet fully support synchronization.
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This is the default when compiling under MacOS.
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\item[-DTHREADMODEL=POSIXTHREADS] Posix implementation.
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This implementation also supports DCE threads. The behavior of
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the code is subject to the quality of the system implementation of
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Posix threads.
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\item[-DTHREADMODEL=COTHREADS] Custom cooperative threads.
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These custom threads do not redefine system calls. Before executing
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a potentially blocking system function, each thread must explicitly
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check whether it is going to block and yield control explicitly if
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this is the case. This code must be compiled with a patched version
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of egcs-1.1.1 \URL{http://egcs.cygnus.com}. The patch addresses
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exception thread-safety and is provided in #"@Tools/libgcc2.c.diff"#.
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Once you get the right compiler, this implementation is remarkably
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compact and portable. A variety of processors are supported,
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including mips, intel, sparc, hppa, and alpha.
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\item[-DTHREADMODEL=JRITHREADS] Java implementation hooks.
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Multi-threading within a Netscape plugin can be tricky. A simple
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idea however consists of implementing the threading primitives in
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Java and to access them using JRI. The classes just contain a
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JRIGlobalRef. This is not a real implementation since everything
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(Java code, native functions, stubs, exception thread safety) must
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be addressed by the plugin source code. Performance may be a serious
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issue.
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\end{description}
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{\bf Portability}: The simultaneous use of threads and exceptions caused a
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lot of portability headaches under Unix. We eventually decided to
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implement the COTHREADS cooperative threads (because preemptive threads
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have more problems) and to patch EGCS in order to make exception handling
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COTHREAD-safe.
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@memo
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Portable threads
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@author
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L\'eon Bottou <leonb@research.att.com> -- initial implementation.\\
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Praveen Guduru <praveen@sanskrit.lz.att.com> -- mac implementation.
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// From: Leon Bottou, 1/31/2002
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// Almost unchanged by Lizardtech.
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// GSafeFlags should go because it not as safe as it claims.
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@version
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#$Id: GThreads.h,v 1.10 2003/11/07 22:08:21 leonb Exp $# */
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//@{
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#include "DjVuGlobal.h"
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#include "GException.h"
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#define NOTHREADS 0
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#define COTHREADS 1
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#define JRITHREADS 2
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#define POSIXTHREADS 10
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#define WINTHREADS 11
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#define MACTHREADS 12
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// Known platforms
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#ifndef THREADMODEL
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#if defined(WIN32)
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#define THREADMODEL WINTHREADS
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#endif
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#if defined(macintosh)
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#define THREADMODEL MACTHREADS
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#endif
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#endif
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// Exception emulation is not thread safe
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#ifdef USE_EXCEPTION_EMULATION
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#undef THREADMODEL
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#define THREADMODEL NOTHREADS
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#endif
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// Default is nothreads
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#ifndef THREADMODEL
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#define THREADMODEL NOTHREADS
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#endif
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// ----------------------------------------
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// INCLUDES
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#if THREADMODEL==WINTHREADS
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#ifndef _WINDOWS_
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#define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
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#include "windows.h"
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#endif
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#endif
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#if THREADMODEL==MACTHREADS
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#include <threads.h>
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#endif
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#if THREADMODEL==POSIXTHREADS
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#include <sys/types.h>
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#include <sys/time.h>
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#include <unistd.h>
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#undef TRY
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#undef CATCH
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#define _CMA_NOWRAPPERS_
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#include <pthread.h>
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#endif
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#if THREADMODEL==JRITHREADS
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#include "jri.h"
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#endif
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#if THREADMODEL==COTHREADS
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#include <sys/types.h>
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#include <sys/time.h>
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#include <unistd.h>
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#endif
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// ----------------------------------------
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// PORTABLE CLASSES
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#ifdef HAVE_NAMESPACES
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namespace DJVU {
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# ifdef NOT_DEFINED // Just to fool emacs c++ mode
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}
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#endif
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#endif
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/** Thread class. A multithreaded process is composed of a main execution
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thread and of several secondary threads. Each secondary thread is
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represented by a #GThread# object. The amount of memory required for the
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stack of a secondary thread is defined when the #GThread# object is
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constructed. The execution thread is started when function
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\Ref{GThread::create} is called. The destructor of class GThread waits
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until the thread terminanes. Note that the execution can be terminated at
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any time (with possible prejudice) by calling \Ref{GThread::terminate}.
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Several static member functions control the thread scheduler. Function
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\Ref{GThread::yield} relinquishes the processor to another thread.
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Function \Ref{GThread::select} (#COTHREADS# only) provides a thread-aware
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replacement for the well-known unix system call #select#.
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{\bf Note} --- Both the copy constructor and the copy operator are declared
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as private members. It is therefore not possible to make multiple copies
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of instances of this class, as implied by the class semantic. */
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class GThread {
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public:
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/** Constructs a new thread object. Memory is allocated for the
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thread, but the thread is not started.
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Argument #stacksize# is used by the #COTHREADS# model only for
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specifying the amount of memory needed for the processor stack. A
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negative value will be replaced by a suitable default value of 128Kb.
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A minimum value of 32Kb is silently enforced. */
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GThread(int stacksize = -1);
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/** Destructor. Destroying the thread object while the thread is running is
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perfectly ok since it only destroys the thread identifier. Execution
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will continue without interference. */
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~GThread();
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/** Starts the thread. The new thread executes function #entry# with
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argument #arg#. The thread terminates when the function returns. A
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thread cannot be restarted after its termination. You must create a new
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#GThread# object. */
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int create(void (*entry)(void*), void *arg);
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/** Terminates a thread with extreme prejudice. The thread is removed from
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the scheduling list. Execution terminates regardless of the execution
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status of the thread function. Automatic variables may or may not be
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destroyed. This function must be considered as a last resort since
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memory may be lost. */
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void terminate();
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/** Causes the current thread to relinquish the processor. The scheduler
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selects a thread ready to run and transfers control to that thread. The
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actual effect of #yield# heavily depends on the selected implementation.
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Function #yield# usually returns zero when the execution of the current
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thread is resumed. It may return a positive number when it can
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determine that the current thread will remain the only runnable thread
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for some time. You may then call function \Ref{get_select} to
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obtain more information. */
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static int yield();
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/** Returns a value which uniquely identifies the current thread. */
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static void *current();
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#if THREADMODEL==WINTHREADS
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private:
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HANDLE hthr;
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DWORD thrid;
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#elif THREADMODEL==MACTHREADS
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private:
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unsigned long thid;
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static pascal void *start(void *arg);
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#elif THREADMODEL==POSIXTHREADS
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private:
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pthread_t hthr;
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static void *start(void *arg);
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#elif THREADMODEL==JRITHREADS
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private:
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JRIGlobalRef obj;
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#elif THREADMODEL==COTHREADS
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friend class GMonitor;
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public:
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class cotask;
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class cotask *task;
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/** Replaces system call #select# (COTHREADS only). The #COTHREADS# model
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does not redefine system function. System functions therefore can
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potentially block the whole process (instead of blocking the current
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thread only) because the system is not aware of the #COTHREADS#
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scheduler. The function #GThread::select# is a #COTHREADS#-aware
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replacement for the well known system function #select#. You can also
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use #GThread::select# for making sure that calls to system functions
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will not block the entire process, as demonstrated below:
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\begin{verbatim}
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int
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gthread_read(int fd, void *buffer, size_t len)
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{
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fd_set rdset;
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FD_ZERO(&rdset);
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FD_SET(fd, &rdset);
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GThread::select(fd+1, &rdset, 0, 0, 0);
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return read(fd, buffer, len);
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}
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\end{verbatim} */
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static int select(int nfds, fd_set*, fd_set*, fd_set*, struct timeval*);
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/** Provide arguments for system call #select# (COTHREADS only). It may be
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appropriate to call the real system call #select# if the current thread
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is the only thread ready to run. Other threads however may wake up when
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certain file descriptors are ready or when a certain delay expires.
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Function #get_select# returns this information by filling the three
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usual file descriptor sets (similar to the arguments of system call
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#select#). It also returns a timeout #timeout# expressed in
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milliseconds. Note that this timeout is zero is the current thread is
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not the sole thread ready to run. */
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static void get_select(int &nfds, fd_set*, fd_set*, fd_set*, unsigned long &timeout);
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/** Install hooks in the scheduler (COTHREADS only). The hook function
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#call# is called when a new thread is created (argument is
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#GThread::CallbackCreate#), when a thread terminates (argument is
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#GThread::CallbackTerminate#), or when thread is unblocked (argument is
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#GThread::CallbackUnblock#). This callback can be useful in certain GUI
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toolkits where the most convenient method for scheduling the threads
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consists in setting a timer event that calls \Ref{GThread::yield}. */
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static void set_scheduling_callback(void (*call)(int));
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enum { CallbackCreate, CallbackTerminate, CallbackUnblock };
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#endif
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public:
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// Should be considered as private
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void (*xentry)(void*);
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void *xarg;
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private:
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// Disable default members
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GThread(const GThread&);
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GThread& operator=(const GThread&);
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};
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/** Monitor class. Monitors have been first described in (C.A.R Hoare,
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Communications of the ACM, 17(10), 1974). This mechanism provides the
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basic mutual exclusion (mutex) and thread notification facilities
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(condition variables).
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Only one thread can own the monitor at a given time. Functions
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\Ref{enter} and \Ref{leave} can be used to acquire and release the
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monitor. This mutual exclusion provides an efficient way to protect
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segment of codes ({\em critical sections}) which should not be
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simultaneously executed by two threads. Class \Ref{GMonitorLock} provides
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a convenient way to do this effectively.
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When the thread owning the monitor calls function \Ref{wait}, the monitor
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is released and the thread starts waiting until another thread calls
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function \Ref{signal} or \Ref{broadcast}. When the thread wakes-up, it
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re-acquires the monitor and function #wait# returns. Since the signaling
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thread must acquire the monitor before calling functions #signal# and
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#broadcast#, the signaled thread will not be able to re-acquire the
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monitor until the signaling thread(s) releases the monitor.
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{\bf Note} --- Both the copy constructor and the copy operator are declared
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as private members. It is therefore not possible to make multiple copies
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of instances of this class, as implied by the class semantic. */
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class GMonitor
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{
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public:
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GMonitor();
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~GMonitor();
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/** Enters the monitor. If the monitor is acquired by another thread this
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function waits until the monitor is released. The current thread then
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acquires the monitor. Calls to #enter# and #leave# may be nested. */
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void enter();
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/** Leaves the monitor. The monitor counts how many times the current
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thread has entered the monitor. Function #leave# decrement this count.
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The monitor is released when this count reaches zero. An exception is
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thrown if this function is called by a thread which does not own the
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monitor. */
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void leave();
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/** Waits until the monitor is signaled. The current thread atomically
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releases the monitor and waits until another thread calls function
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#signal# or #broadcast#. Function #wait# then re-acquires the monitor
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and returns. An exception is thrown if this function is called by a
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thread which does not own the monitor. */
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void wait();
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/** Waits until the monitor is signaled or a timeout is reached. The
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current thread atomically releases the monitor and waits until another
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thread calls function #signal# or #broadcast# or a maximum of #timeout#
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milliseconds. Function #wait# then re-acquires the monitor and returns.
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An exception is thrown if this function is called by a thread which does
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not own the monitor. */
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void wait(unsigned long timeout);
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/** Signals one waiting thread. Function #signal# wakes up at most one of
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the waiting threads for this monitor. An exception is thrown if this
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function is called by a thread which does not own the monitor. */
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void signal();
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/** Signals all waiting threads. Function #broadcast# wakes up all the
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waiting threads for this monitor. An exception is thrown if this
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function is called by a thread which does not own the monitor. */
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void broadcast();
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private:
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#if THREADMODEL==WINTHREADS
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int ok;
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int count;
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DWORD locker;
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CRITICAL_SECTION cs;
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struct thr_waiting *head;
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struct thr_waiting *tail;
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#elif THREADMODEL==MACTHREADS
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int ok;
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int count;
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unsigned long locker;
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int wlock;
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int wsig;
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#elif THREADMODEL==POSIXTHREADS
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int ok;
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int count;
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pthread_t locker;
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pthread_mutex_t mutex;
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pthread_cond_t cond;
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#elif THREADMODEL==COTHREADS
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int ok;
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int count;
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void *locker;
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int wlock;
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int wsig;
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#elif THREADMODEL==JRITHREADS
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JRIGlobalRef obj;
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#endif
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private:
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// Disable default members
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GMonitor(const GMonitor&);
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GMonitor& operator=(const GMonitor&);
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};
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// ----------------------------------------
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// NOTHREADS INLINES
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#if THREADMODEL==NOTHREADS
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inline GThread::GThread(int) {}
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inline GThread::~GThread(void) {}
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inline void GThread::terminate() {}
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inline int GThread::yield() { return 0; }
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inline void* GThread::current() { return 0; }
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inline GMonitor::GMonitor() {}
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inline GMonitor::~GMonitor() {}
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inline void GMonitor::enter() {}
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inline void GMonitor::leave() {}
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inline void GMonitor::wait() {}
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inline void GMonitor::wait(unsigned long) {}
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inline void GMonitor::signal() {}
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inline void GMonitor::broadcast() {}
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#endif // NOTHREADS
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// ----------------------------------------
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// SCOPE LOCK
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/** Wrapper for mutually exclusive code.
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This class locks a specified critical section (see \Ref{GCriticalSection})
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at construction time and unlocks it at destruction time. It provides a
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convenient way to take advantage of the C++ implicit destruction of
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automatic variables in order to make sure that the monitor is
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released when exiting the protected code. The following code will release
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the monitor when the execution thread leaves the protected scope, either
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because the protected code has executed successfully, or because an
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exception was thrown.
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\begin{verbatim}
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{ -- protected scope
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static GMonitor theMonitor;
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GMonitorLock lock(&theMonitor)
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... -- protected code
|
|
}
|
|
\end{verbatim}
|
|
This construct will do nothing when passed a null pointer.
|
|
*/
|
|
class GMonitorLock
|
|
{
|
|
private:
|
|
GMonitor *gsec;
|
|
public:
|
|
/** Constructor. Enters the monitor #gsec#. */
|
|
GMonitorLock(GMonitor *gsec) : gsec(gsec)
|
|
{ if (gsec) gsec->enter(); };
|
|
/** Destructor. Leaves the associated monitor. */
|
|
~GMonitorLock()
|
|
{ if (gsec) gsec->leave(); };
|
|
};
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
// ----------------------------------------
|
|
// GSAFEFLAGS (not so safe)
|
|
|
|
|
|
/** A thread safe class representing a set of flags. The flags are protected
|
|
by \Ref{GMonitor}, which is attempted to be locked whenever somebody
|
|
accesses the flags. One can modify the class contents using one of
|
|
two functions: \Ref{test_and_modify}() and \Ref{wait_and_modify}().
|
|
Both of them provide atomic operation of testing (first) and modification
|
|
(second). The flags remain locked between the moment of testing and
|
|
modification, which guarantees, that their state cannot be changed in
|
|
between of these operations. */
|
|
class GSafeFlags : public GMonitor
|
|
{
|
|
private:
|
|
volatile long flags;
|
|
public:
|
|
/// Constructs #GSafeFlags# object.
|
|
GSafeFlags(long flags=0);
|
|
|
|
/** Assignment operator. Will also wake up threads waiting for the
|
|
flags to change. */
|
|
GSafeFlags & operator=(long flags);
|
|
|
|
/** Returns the value of the flags */
|
|
operator long(void) const;
|
|
/** Modifies the flags by ORing them with the provided mask. A broadcast
|
|
will be sent after the modification is done. */
|
|
GSafeFlags & operator|=(long mask);
|
|
/** Modifies the flags by ANDing them with the provided mask. A broadcast
|
|
will be sent after the modification is done. */
|
|
GSafeFlags & operator&=(long mask);
|
|
|
|
/** If all bits mentioned in #set_mask# are set in the flags and all
|
|
bits mentioned in #clr_mask# are cleared in the flags, it sets all
|
|
bits from #set_mask1# in the flags, clears all flags from
|
|
#clr_mask1# in the flags and returns #TRUE#. Otherwise returns
|
|
#FALSE#. */
|
|
bool test_and_modify(long set_mask, long clr_mask,
|
|
long set_mask1, long clr_mask1);
|
|
|
|
/** Waits until all bits mentioned in #set_mask# are set in the flags
|
|
and all bits mentioned in #clr_flags# are cleared in the flags.
|
|
After that it sets bits from #set_mask1# and clears bits from
|
|
#clr_mask1# in the flags. */
|
|
void wait_and_modify(long set_mask, long clr_mask,
|
|
long set_mask1, long clr_mask1);
|
|
|
|
/** Waits until all bits set in #set_mask# are set in the flags and
|
|
all bits mentioned in #clr_mask# are cleared in the flags. */
|
|
void wait_for_flags(long set_mask, long clr_mask=0) const;
|
|
|
|
/** Modifies the flags by setting all bits mentioned in #set_mask#
|
|
and clearing all bits mentioned in #clr_mask#. If the flags have
|
|
actually been modified, a broadcast will be sent. */
|
|
void modify(long set_mask, long clr_mask);
|
|
};
|
|
|
|
inline
|
|
GSafeFlags::GSafeFlags(long xflags)
|
|
: flags(xflags)
|
|
{
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
inline void
|
|
GSafeFlags::wait_for_flags(long set_mask, long clr_mask) const
|
|
{
|
|
((GSafeFlags *) this)->wait_and_modify(set_mask, clr_mask, 0, 0);
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
inline void
|
|
GSafeFlags::modify(long set_mask, long clr_mask)
|
|
{
|
|
test_and_modify(0, 0, set_mask, clr_mask);
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
inline GSafeFlags &
|
|
GSafeFlags::operator|=(long mask)
|
|
{
|
|
test_and_modify(0, 0, mask, 0);
|
|
return *this;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
inline GSafeFlags &
|
|
GSafeFlags::operator&=(long mask)
|
|
{
|
|
test_and_modify(0, 0, 0, ~mask);
|
|
return *this;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
//@}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
// ----------------------------------------
|
|
// COMPATIBILITY CLASSES
|
|
|
|
|
|
// -- these classes are no longer documented.
|
|
|
|
class GCriticalSection : protected GMonitor
|
|
{
|
|
public:
|
|
void lock()
|
|
{ GMonitor::enter(); };
|
|
void unlock()
|
|
{ GMonitor::leave(); };
|
|
};
|
|
|
|
class GEvent : protected GMonitor
|
|
{
|
|
private:
|
|
int status;
|
|
public:
|
|
GEvent()
|
|
: status(0) { };
|
|
void set()
|
|
{ if (!status) { enter(); status=1; signal(); leave(); } };
|
|
void wait()
|
|
{ enter(); if (!status) GMonitor::wait(); status=0; leave(); };
|
|
void wait(int timeout)
|
|
{ enter(); if (!status) GMonitor::wait(timeout); status=0; leave(); };
|
|
};
|
|
|
|
class GCriticalSectionLock
|
|
{
|
|
private:
|
|
GCriticalSection *gsec;
|
|
public:
|
|
GCriticalSectionLock(GCriticalSection *gsec) : gsec(gsec)
|
|
{ if (gsec) gsec->lock(); };
|
|
~GCriticalSectionLock()
|
|
{ if (gsec) gsec->unlock(); };
|
|
};
|
|
|
|
|
|
// ----------------------------------------
|
|
|
|
#ifdef HAVE_NAMESPACES
|
|
}
|
|
# ifndef NOT_USING_DJVU_NAMESPACE
|
|
using namespace DJVU;
|
|
# endif
|
|
#endif
|
|
#endif //_GTHREADS_H_
|
|
|