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201 lines
9.4 KiB
201 lines
9.4 KiB
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<title>Setting the Application Icon</title>
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<font color="#004faf">Home</font></a>
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<td align="right" valign="center"><img src="logo32.png" align="right" width="64" height="32" border="0"></td></tr></table><h1 align=center>Setting the Application Icon</h1>
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<p> The application icon, typically displayed in the top-left corner of an
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application's top-level windows, is set by calling the
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<a href="tqwidget.html#setIcon">TQWidget::setIcon</a>() method on top-level widgets.
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<p> In order to change the icon of the executable application file
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itself, as it is presented on the desktop (i.e. prior to application
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execution), it is necessary to employ another, platform-dependent
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technique.
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<p> <!-- toc -->
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<ul>
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<li><a href="#1"> Setting the Application Icon on Windows
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</a>
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<li><a href="#2"> Setting the Application Icon on Mac OS X
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</a>
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<li><a href="#3"> Setting the Application Icon on common Linux desktops
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</a>
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<ul>
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<li><a href="#3-1"> KDE
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</a>
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<li><a href="#3-2"> GNOME
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</a>
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</ul>
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</ul>
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<!-- endtoc -->
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<p> <h2> Setting the Application Icon on Windows
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</h2>
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<a name="1"></a><p> First, create an ICO format bitmap file that contains the icon image. This
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can be done with e.g. Microsoft Visual C++: Select "File|New...", then
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select the "File" tab in the dialog that appears, and choose "Icon". (Note
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that you do not need to load your application into Visual C++; here we are
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only using the icon editor).
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<p> Store the ICO file in your application's source code directory, for
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example, with the name, "myappico.ico". Then, create a text file
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called e.g. "myapp.rc" in which you put a single line of text:
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<pre>
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IDI_ICON1 ICON DISCARDABLE "myappico.ico"
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</pre>
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<p> Finally, assuming you are using <a href="qmake-manual.html">qmake</a>
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to generate your makefiles, add this line to your "myapp.pro" file:
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<p> <pre>
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RC_FILE = myapp.rc
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</pre>
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<p> Regenerate your makefile and your application. The .exe file will now be
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represented with your icon e.g. in Explorer.
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<p> If you do not use <a href="qmake-manual.html">qmake</a>, the necessary
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steps are: first, run the "rc" program on the .rc file, then link your
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application with the resulting .res file.
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<p> <h2> Setting the Application Icon on Mac OS X
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</h2>
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<a name="2"></a><p> The application icon, typically displayed in the application dock
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area, is set by calling <a href="tqwidget.html#setIcon">TQWidget::setIcon</a>() on a top-level widget. It
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is possible that the program could appear in the application dock area
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before the function call, in which case a default icon will appear
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during the bouncing animation.
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<p> To ensure that the correct icon appears, both when the application is
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being launched, and in the Finder, it is necessary to employ a
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platform-dependent technique.
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<p> Although many programs can create icon files (<tt>.icns</tt>), the recommended
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approach is to use the <em>Icon Composer</em> program supplied by Apple (in the
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Developer/Application folder). <em>Icon Composer</em> allows you to import several
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different sized icons (for use in different contexts) as well as the masks
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that go with them. Save the set of icons to a file in your project
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directory.
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<p> If you are using <a href="qmake-manual.html">qmake</a> to generate
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your make files, you only need to add a single line to your <tt>.pro</tt>
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project file. For example, if the name of your icon file is
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<tt>myapp.icns</tt>, and your project file is <tt>myapp.pro</tt>, add this line
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to <tt>myapp.pro</tt>:
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<pre>
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RC_FILE = myapp.icns
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</pre>
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This will ensure that <a href="qmake-manual.html">qmake</a> puts your
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icons in the proper place and creates an <tt>Info.plist</tt> entry for the
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icon.
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<p> If you do not use <a href="qmake-manual.html">qmake</a>, you must do
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the following manually:
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<ol type=1>
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<li> Create an Info.plist file for your application (using the
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PropertyListEditor, found in Developer/Applications).
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<li> Associate your .icns record with the CFBundleIconFile record in the
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Info.plist file (again, using the PropertyListEditor).
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<li> Copy both the icns and your Info.plist into your application bundle
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Resource directory.
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</ol>
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<p> <h2> Setting the Application Icon on common Linux desktops
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</h2>
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<a name="3"></a><p> In this section we briefly describe the issues involved in providing
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icons for applications for two common Linux desktop environments:
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<a href="http://www.kde.org/">KDE</a> and <a href="http://www.gnome.org/">GNOME</a>. The core technology used to describe application icons
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is the same for both desktops, and may also apply to others, but there
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are details which are specific to each. The main source of information
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on the standards used by these Linux desktops is <a href="http://www.freedesktop.org/">freedesktop.org</a>. For information
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on other Linux desktops please refer to the documentation for the
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desktops you are interested in.
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<p> Often, users do not use executable files directly, but instead launch
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applications by clicking icons on the desktop. These icons are
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representations of `desktop entry files' that contain a description of
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the application that includes information about its icon. Both desktop
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environments are able to retrieve the information in these files, and
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they use it to generate shortcuts to applications on the desktop, in
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the start menu, and on the panel.
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<p> More information about desktop entry files can be found in the
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<a href="http://www.freedesktop.org/Standards/desktop-entry-spec">Desktop Entry Specification</a>.
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<p> Although desktop entry files can usefully encapsulate the application's details,
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we still need to store the icons in the conventional location for each desktop
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environment. A number of locations for icons are given in the
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<a href="http://www.freedesktop.org/Standards/icon-theme-spec">Icon Theme Specification</a>.
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<p> Although the path used to locate icons depends on the desktop in use,
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and on its configuration, the directory structure beneath each of
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these should follow the same pattern: subdirectories are arranged by
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theme, icon size, and application type. Generally, application icons
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are added to the hicolor theme, so a square application icon 32 pixels
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in size would be stored in the <tt>hicolor/32x32/apps</tt> directory beneath
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the icon path.
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<p> <h3> KDE
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</h3>
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<a name="3-1"></a><p> Application icons can be installed for use by all users, or on a per-user basis.
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A user currently logged into their KDE desktop can discover these locations
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by using <a href="http://developer.kde.org/documentation/other/tde-config.html">tde-config</a>, for example,
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by typing the following in a terminal window:
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<p> <pre>
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tde-config --path icon
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</pre>
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<p> Typically, the list of colon-separated paths printed to stdout includes the
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user-specific icon path and the system-wide path. Beneath these
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directories, it should be possible to locate and install icons according
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to the conventions described in the
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<a href="http://www.freedesktop.org/Standards/icon-theme-spec">Icon Theme Specification</a>.
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<p> If you are developing exclusively for KDE, you may wish to take
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advantage of the <a href="http://developer.kde.org/documentation/other/makefile_am_howto.html">KDE build system</a> to configure your application. This ensures
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that your icons are installed in the appropriate locations for KDE.
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<p> The KDE developer website is <a href="http://developer.kde.org/">http://developer.kde.org/</a>.
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<p> <h3> GNOME
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</h3>
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<a name="3-2"></a><p> Application icons are stored within a standard system-wide directory containing
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architecture-independent files. This location can be determined by
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using gnome-config, for example by typing the following in a terminal
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window:
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<p> <pre>
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gnome-config --datadir
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</pre>
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<p> The path printed on stdout refers to a location that should contain a directory
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called <tt>pixmaps</tt>; the directory structure within the <tt>pixmaps</tt>
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directory is described in the <a href="http://www.freedesktop.org/Standards/icon-theme-spec">Icon Theme
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Specification</a>.
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<p> If you are developing exclusively for GNOME, you may wish to use
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the standard set of <a href="http://developer.gnome.org/tools/build.html">GNU Build Tools</a>,
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also described in the relevant section of
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the <a href="http://developer.gnome.org/doc/GGAD/ggad.html">GTK+/Gnome
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Application Development book</a>. This ensures that your icons are
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installed in the appropriate locations for GNOME.
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<p> The GNOME developer website is <a href="http://developer.gnome.org/">http://developer.gnome.org/</a>.
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<p>
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<!-- eof -->
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<p><address><hr><div align=center>
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<table width=100% cellspacing=0 border=0><tr>
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<td>Copyright © 2007
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<a href="troll.html">Trolltech</a><td align=center><a href="trademarks.html">Trademarks</a>
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<td align=right><div align=right>TQt 3.3.8</div>
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</table></div></address></body>
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